Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have great application prospects in self-powered detection system. In this paper, a wave-driven liquid-solid TENG was developed to construct a self-powered sensing system for marine environmental monitoring. The TENG was constructed with ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) film and ionic hydrogel electrodes to harvest wave energy. The peak-to-peak value of open-circuit voltage and powered density from the TENG can reach up to 332 V and 1.85 W/m², respectively. The self-powered MXene/TiO₂/SnSe sensor driven by the TENG was prepared for SO₂ gas detection, which has an excellent response (ΔU/U_a = 170 % @ 30 ppm) and is 14 times larger than that of the resistive sensor. The gas-sensing improvement mechanism was discussed in detail using ternary p-m-n heterojunction and density functional theory simulation. A self-powered marine environment monitoring system was developed to further demonstrate the application potential of the prepared TENG and sensor. Sensor signals from the self-powered system can be transmitted to smartphones and upper modules to monitor temperature, humidity, SO₂ concentration, water surface height and other environmental factors in real time. In addition, the temperature and humidity error correction of the gas sensor was realized by integrating and processing the data of the sensor system with the back propagation neural network model.

摩擦纳米发电机（TENGs）在自供电检测系统中具有广阔的应用前景。在本文中，开发了一种波浪驱动的液固TENG，用于构建用于海洋环境监测的自供电传感系统。TENG 由乙烯三氟氯乙烯 (ECTFE) 薄膜和离子水凝胶电极构成，以收集波浪能。TENG的开路电压和功率密度的峰峰值分别可以达到332 V和1.85 W/m ²。由TENG驱动的自供电MXene/TiO ₂ /SnSe传感器用于SO ₂气体检测，具有优异的响应（ΔU/U _a= 170 % @ 30 ppm），比电阻传感器大 14 倍。使用三元pmn异质结和密度泛函理论模拟详细讨论了气敏改进机制。开发了一个自供电的海洋环境监测系统，以进一步展示所制备的 TENG 和传感器的应用潜力。自供电系统的传感器信号可以传输到智能手机和上层模块，实时监测温度、湿度、SO ₂浓度、水面高度等环境因素。此外，利用反向传播神经网络模型对传感器系统的数据进行整合处理，实现了气体传感器的温湿度误差修正。