Inverse opals (IOs) are highly interconnected three-dimensional macroporous structures with applications in a variety of disciplines from optics to catalysis. For instance, when the pore size is on the scale of the wavelength of visible light, IOs exhibit structural color due to diffraction and interference of light rather than due to absorption by pigments, making these structures valuable as nonfading paints and colorants. When IO pores are in an ordered arrangement, the IO is a 3D photonic crystal, a structure with a plethora of interesting optical properties that can be used in a multitude of applications, from sensors to lasers. IOs also have interesting fluidic properties that arise from the re-entrant geometry of the pores, making them excellent candidates for colorimetric sensors based on fluid surface tension. Metal oxide IOs, in particular, can also be photo- and thermally catalytically active due to the catalytic activity of the background matrix material or of functional nanoparticles embedded within the structure.

中文翻译：

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金属氧化物反蛋白石的蒸发诱导自组装：从合成到应用

反蛋白石 (IO) 是高度互连的三维大孔结构，可应用于从光学到催化的各种学科。例如，当孔径在可见光波长的范围内时，IOs 由于光的衍射和干涉而不是由于颜料的吸收而呈现出结构颜色，这使得这些结构作为不褪色的油漆和着色剂具有价值。当 IO 孔呈有序排列时，IO 是一种 3D 光子晶体，这种结构具有大量有趣的光学特性，可用于从传感器到激光器的多种应用。IO 还具有有趣的流体特性，这些特性源于孔隙的凹入几何形状，使其成为基于流体表面张力的比色传感器的绝佳候选者。金属氧化物 IOs，