Polar systems are undersampled due to the difficulty of sampling remote and challenging environments; however, these systems are critical components of global biogeochemical cycles. Measurements on primary productivity in specific areas can quantify the input of organic matter to food webs and so are of critical ecological importance as well. However, long-term measurements using the same methodology are available only for a few polar systems. Primary productivity measurements using ¹⁴C-uptake incubations from the Ross Sea, Antarctica, are synthesized, along with chlorophyll concentrations at the same depths and locations. A total of 19 independent cruises were completed and 449 stations occupied where measurements of primary productivity (each with seven depths) were completed. The incubations used the same basic simulated in situ methodology for all. Integrated water column productivity for all stations averaged 1.10 ± 1.20 g C m⁻² d⁻¹, and the maximum was 13.1 g C m⁻² d⁻¹. Annual productivity calculated from the means throughout the growing season equalled 146 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹. The mean chlorophyll concentration in the euphotic zone (the 1 % irradiance level) was 2.85 ± 2.68 mg m⁻³ (maximum observed concentration was 19.1 mg m⁻³). Maximum photosynthetic rates above the 30 % isolume (normalized to chlorophyll) averaged 0.98 ± 0.71 mg C (mg chl)⁻¹ h⁻¹, similar to the maximum rate found in photosynthesis–irradiance measurements. Productivity measurements are consistent with the temporal patterns of biomass found previously, with biomass and productivity peaking in late December; mixed layers were at a minimum at this time as well. Estimates of plankton composition also suggest that pre-January productivity was largely driven by the haptophyte Phaeocystis antarctica and summer productivity by diatoms. The data set (https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.863815.2, Smith, 2021) will be useful for a comparison to other Antarctic regions and provide a basis for refined bio-optical models of regional primary productivity and biogeochemical models for the Southern Ocean.

中文翻译：

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南极罗斯海初级生产力测量：区域综合

由于难以对偏远和具有挑战性的环境进行采样，Polar 系统的采样不足；然而，这些系统是全球生物地球化学循环的关键组成部分。对特定地区初级生产力的测量可以量化有机物质对食物网的输入，因此也具有至关重要的生态重要性。然而，使用相同方法的长期测量仅适用于少数极地系统。初级生产力测量使用¹⁴合成来自南极洲罗斯海的 C 吸收培养物，以及相同深度和位置的叶绿素浓度。总共完成了 19 次独立航行，占用了 449 个站点，完成了初级生产力测量（每个站点有 7 个深度）。孵化对所有人都使用相同的基本模拟原位方法。所有站点的综合水柱生产力平均为1.10  ±  1.20 g C m ^-2  d ^-1，最大值为13.1 g C m ^-2  d ^-1。根据整个生长季节的平均值计算的年生产力等于 146 g C m ^-2  yr ^-1. 透光区的平均叶绿素浓度（1% 辐照度水平）为 2.85  ±  2.68 mg m ^-3（观察到的最大浓度为 19.1 mg m ^-3）。高于 30% isolume（归一化为叶绿素）的最大光合速率平均为 0.98  ±  0.71 mg C (mg chl) ^-1  h ^-1，类似于在光合作用-辐照度测量中发现的最大速率。生产力测量结果与之前发现的生物量时间模式一致，生物量和生产力在 12 月下旬达到峰值；此时混合层也最少。浮游生物组成的估计还表明，1 月前的生产力主要是由 haptophyte 驱动的南极褐藻和硅藻的夏季生产力。该数据集 (https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.863815.2, Smith, 2021) 将有助于与其他南极地区进行比较，并为区域初级生产力的精细生物光学模型提供基础和南大洋的生物地球化学模型。