This study aims to explore the succession of microbes carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), the relationship between heavy metal speciation and ARGs via Fenton-like reaction during composting. The results indicated that the passivation of Cu and Ni was more prominent, and the Fenton-like reaction promoted exceptionally the passivation of Zn, Ni and Mn. The removals of macrolides-lincosamids-streptogramins (MLS), aminoglycoside and tetracycline resistance genes were induced with the composting process, but the relative abundance of bacitracin resistance genes increased. Additionally, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were main carriers and disseminators of ARGs, and the Fenton-like reaction improved the contribution degree of Proteobacteria to bacitracin, tetracycline and aminoglycoside resistance genes. Redundancy analysis revealed the passivation of heavy metal contributed to the removal of tetracycline, MLS and aminoglycoside resistance genes. Conclusively, the Fenton-like reaction promoted the passivation of Zn, Ni and Mn, and controlled the abundance of bacitracin resistance genes in composting.

本研究旨在通过堆肥过程中的类芬顿反应探索携带抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的微生物的演替，以及重金属物种形成与ARGs之间的关系。结果表明，Cu和Ni的钝化作用更为突出，类Fenton反应对Zn、Ni和Mn的钝化有明显的促进作用。堆肥过程诱导了大环内酯类-林可酰胺类-链霉素(MLS)、氨基糖苷类和四环素类耐药基因的去除，但杆菌肽耐药基因的相对丰度增加。此外，变形菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门是ARGs的主要携带者和传播者，Fenton-like反应提高了Proteobacteria对杆菌肽、四环素和氨基糖苷类耐药基因的贡献度。冗余分析显示重金属的钝化有助于去除四环素、MLS和氨基糖苷类抗性基因。综上所述，类芬顿反应促进了锌、镍和锰的钝化，并控制了堆肥中杆菌肽抗性基因的丰度。