This study demonstrates flexible, ultra-high rate, and long cycle life lithium‑sulfur batteries using bacterial cellulose (BC) derived cathode host as well as separator. The work also includes a new strategy to use active sulfur in the form of catholyte added directly to the electrolyte for improved sulfur utilization. The fabricated LiS cell with carbonized bacterial cellulose (CBC) as a cathode host and BC as a separator (CBC@BC) delivers an impressive capacity of 740 mAh g⁻¹ at 1C. It retains a capacity of 310 mAh g⁻¹ even at an ultra-high rate of 4C. To have commercial adoption of CBC@BC, we tested LiS cells with a high areal loading of 5 mg cm⁻². The cell shows promising electrochemical performance for 500 cycles with a capacity retention of 82 %. Furthermore, first-principle calculations are performed to understand the interaction of soluble lithium-polysulfides with bacterial cellulose-derived material.

这项研究展示了使用细菌纤维素 (BC) 衍生的阴极主体和隔膜的柔性、超高倍率和长循环寿命的锂硫电池。这项工作还包括一种新策略，即使用直接添加到电解质中的阴极液形式的活性硫来提高硫的利用率。以碳化细菌纤维素 (CBC) 作为阴极主体和 BC 作为隔膜 (CBC@BC)制造的 Li S 电池在 1C时提供了令人印象深刻的 740 mAh g ^-1容量。即使在 4C 的超高倍率下也能保持 310 mAh g ^{-1的容量。}为了商业化采用 CBC@BC，我们测试了具有 5 mg cm ^-2高面积负载的 Li S 电池. 该电池在 500 次循环中表现出良好的电化学性能，容量保持率为 82%。此外，进行第一性原理计算以了解可溶性多硫化锂与细菌纤维素衍生材料的相互作用。