All-inorganic CsPbI₃ perovskite has a near-ideal band gap, high thermal stability, and simple material composition, thus presenting a promising option for developing perovskite/Si tandem solar cells. However, CsPbI₃ undergoes a rapid phase transition under exposure to moisture and exhibits a significant performance gap relative to other perovskite compounds, particularly in the p-i-n structure favored for perovskite/Si tandems. Here, we demonstrate highly efficient and stable p-i-n-structured CsPbI₃ perovskite solar cells by surface engineering the CsPbI₃ layer with oxidized Ti₃C₂T_x MXene (OMXene) nanoplates via spray coatings. OMXene provides a physical barrier against moisture and improves charge separation at the perovskite-electron transporting layer interface via an enhanced electric field. Consequently, we demonstrated CsPbI₃/OMXene-based p-i-n devices with efficiencies of 19.69% for 0.096-cm² cells and 14.64% for 25-cm² minimodules. The encapsulated minimodule showed good stability, retaining ∼85% of the initial efficiency under simultaneous damp heat (85°C/85% relative humidity) and 1-sun light soaking for over 1,000 h.

全无机CsPbI ₃钙钛矿具有近乎理想的带隙、高热稳定性和简单的材料组成，因此为开发钙钛矿/硅串联太阳能电池提供了一种有希望的选择。然而，CsPbI ₃在暴露于湿气时会发生快速相变，与其他钙钛矿化合物相比表现出显着的性能差距，特别是在钙钛矿/Si 串联的引脚结构中更是如此。在这里，我们通过对具有氧化的 Ti ₃ C ₂ T _{x的 CsPbI 3}层进行表面工程，展示了高效且稳定的 pin 结构 CsPbI ₃钙钛矿太阳能电池。通过喷涂的 MXene (OMXene) 纳米板。OMXene 提供了防潮的物理屏障，并通过增强的电场改善了钙钛矿-电子传输层界面处的电荷分离。因此，我们展示了基于 CsPbI _{3 /OMXene 的 pin 器件，0.096-cm} ²电池的效率为 19.69% ，25-cm ²微型模块的效率为14.64% 。封装的微型模块显示出良好的稳定性，在同时湿热（85°C/85% 相对湿度）和 1 日光浸泡超过 1,000 小时的情况下保持了 85% 的初始效率。