Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted wide attention in recent years for powering wearable electronics. However, the electrical output of TENGs is severely affected in high-humidity environments, which greatly limits their applications. Herein, we reported a waterproof, humidity-resistant TENG consisting of three-dimensional (3D) micro-structured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber/zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) composite membranes triboelectric material. Hereafter, we call it 3D PDMS-ZnO/PAN TENG. The introduction of ZnO NRs on PAN nanofiber and 3D structured PDMS significantly enhances the electrical output of the fully packaged TENG, offering a maximum power density of 184.6 μW/cm². Under the impact force of 30 N at 2 Hz frequency, the fabricated TENG can generate voltage and current of approximately 166 V and 37 μA. In addition, the TENG also exhibits an excellent electrical output performance at high humidity (up to 92 % RH) and even inside water. We further show that our TENG can work as a sustainable power source to drive commercial light-emitting diodes (LEDs), calculator, and hygrothermograph. Given its excellent electrical output performance in water and humid conditions, the TENG has a great potential for powering outdoor electronics in extreme weather.

近年来，摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）在为可穿戴电子设备供电方面引起了广泛关注。然而，TENGs的电输出在高湿度环境中受到严重影响，这极大地限制了它们的应用。在此，我们报道了一种由三维（3D）微结构聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）薄膜和聚丙烯腈（PAN）纳米纤维/氧化锌纳米棒（ZnO NRs）复合膜摩擦电材料组成的防水、防潮TENG。此后，我们将其称为 3D PDMS-ZnO/PAN TENG。在 PAN 纳米纤维和 3D 结构的 PDMS 上引入 ZnO NR 显着增强了完全封装的 TENG 的电输出，提供 184.6 μW/cm ^{2的最大功率密度}. 在 2 Hz 频率下 30 N 的冲击力下，制造的 TENG 可以产生大约 166 V 和 37 μA 的电压和电流。此外，TENG 在高湿度（高达 92 % RH）甚至在水中也表现出出色的电气输出性能。我们进一步表明，我们的 TENG 可以作为可持续电源来驱动商用发光二极管 (LED)、计算器和温湿度计。鉴于其在水和潮湿条件下的出色电气输出性能，TENG 在极端天气下为户外电子设备供电方面具有巨大潜力。