Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate temporal dynamics between loneliness and both objective and subjective health (i.e. functional impairment and self-rated health) in mid- to late-adulthood.

Method

We applied bivariate dual-change-score models to longitudinal data from 3 Swedish twin studies (N = 1,939) to explore dynamic associations between loneliness and health across 3 age ranges (50–69, 70–81, and 82+ years) to investigate whether associations between loneliness and health change with age due to increasing incidence of chronic health conditions and bereavement.

Results

Results showed bidirectional associations between loneliness and both objective and subjective health, with adverse impacts of loneliness observed on subsequent subjective and objective health beginning at age 70. Associations between health and subsequent loneliness were observed after age 82 and varied for subjective and objective health, with subjective health associated with less loneliness and objective health associated with greater loneliness.

Conclusions

Our results indicate dynamic associations between loneliness and health with age in mid- to late-adulthood, with earlier impacts of loneliness on health and later impacts of health on loneliness that vary for objective and subjective measures of health. These findings suggest impacts of health on loneliness may arise later in life when worsening health or mobility interfere with social interaction.

中文翻译：

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纵向分析表明孤独与健康之间存在双向关联

 抽象的

 目标

评估中晚期孤独感与客观和主观健康（即功能障碍和自评健康）之间的时间动态。

 方法

我们将双变量双变化评分模型应用于 3 项瑞典双胞胎研究 ( N = 1,939) 的纵向数据，探索 3 个年龄范围（50-69、70-81 和 82+ 岁）的孤独感与健康之间的动态关联，以调查由于慢性健康状况和丧亲之痛的发生率增加，孤独与健康之间的关联是否会随着年龄的增长而变化。

 结果

结果显示，孤独感与客观和主观健康之间存在双向关联，从 70 岁开始观察到孤独感对随后的主观和客观健康产生不利影响。在 82 岁之后观察到健康与随后的孤独感之间的关联，并且随着主观和客观健康的不同而变化，主观健康与较少的孤独感相关，客观健康与较大的孤独感相关。

 结论

我们的研究结果表明，孤独感与健康之间存在随年龄变化的动态关联，其中孤独感对健康的早期影响和健康对孤独感的后期影响因客观和主观健康衡量标准而异。这些发现表明，当健康状况恶化或行动不便干扰社交互动时，健康对孤独感的影响可能会在以后的生活中出现。