The demand to satisfy environmental and economic performance requirements of buildings highlights the application of the responsive skin facades in offering superior performance, as compared to conventional façades. With this respect, responsive skins have become a growing field of research during the recent decade while a thorough review of studies investigating their design and technology aspects is still missing. To fill the identified gap, this study aims to present a systematic literature review and state of the art in an untouched research area of the responsive skins, integrated with their geometric and mechanism design approaches. To this end, a total of 89 studies, collected from two major bibliographic databases of Scopus and Google Scholar from the first of 2010 to the mid of 2021, were reviewed and several classifications and analyses on the associated design thinking, skin systems and responsive mechanisms were presented. The gap analysis of the findings indicates that the lack of controllable substitution design for mechanical skins is one of the reasons preventing the application of responsive skins in construction industry. Furthermore, the gap between simulation and constructability and the relationship between the designed skin geometry with climatic analysis and performance provide basis for future studies.

与传统外墙相比，满足建筑物环境和经济性能要求的需求凸显了响应式表皮外墙在提供卓越性能方面的应用。在这方面，响应式皮肤在最近十年中已成为一个不断发展的研究领域，而对其设计和技术方面的研究进行全面审查仍然缺失。为了填补已确定的空白，本研究旨在结合响应式皮肤的几何和机制设计方法，在响应式皮肤未触及的研究领域展示系统的文献综述和最新技术。为此，从 2010 年初到 2021 年年中，从 Scopus 和 Google Scholar 两大书目数据库收集了总共 89 项研究，对相关的设计思想、皮肤系统和响应机制进行了审查，并提出了几种分类和分析。对研究结果的差距分析表明，机械蒙皮缺乏可控的替代设计是阻碍响应式蒙皮在建筑行业应用的原因之一。此外，模拟和可施工性之间的差距以及设计的蒙皮几何形状与气候分析和性能之间的关系为未来的研究提供了基础。