Lignin represents the most abundant renewable aromatics in nature, which has complicated and heterogeneous structure. The rapid development of biotransformation technology has brought new opportunities to achieve the complete lignin valorization. Especially, Rhodococcus sp. possesses excellent capabilities to metabolize aromatic hydrocarbons degraded from lignin. Furthermore, it can convert these toxic compounds into high value added bioproducts, such as microbial lipids, polyhydroxyalkanoate and carotenoid et al. Accordingly, this review will discuss the potentials of Rhodococcus sp. as a cell factory for lignin biotransformation, including phenol tolerance, lignin depolymerization and lignin-derived aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism. The detailed metabolic mechanism for lignin biotransformation and bioproducts spectrum of Rhodococcus sp. will be comprehensively discussed. The available molecular tools for the conversion of lignin by Rhodococcus sp. will be reviewed, and the possible direction for lignin biotransformation in the future will also be proposed.

木质素是自然界中含量最丰富的可再生芳烃，具有复杂多相的结构。生物转化技术的快速发展为实现木质素的完全增值带来了新的机遇。特别是红球菌属。具有出色的代谢从木质素降解的芳烃的能力。此外，它可以将这些有毒化合物转化为高附加值的生物产品，如微生物脂质、聚羟基链烷酸酯和类胡萝卜素等。因此，本综述将讨论红球菌的潜力sp。作为木质素生物转化的细胞工厂，包括耐酚、木质素解聚和木质素衍生的芳烃代谢。红球菌木质素生物转化和生物产物谱的详细代谢机制。将进行全面讨论。红球菌转化木质素的可用分子工具。将进行回顾，并提出未来木质素生物转化可能的方向。