The mechanical strain derived from anisotropic lattice distortion would lead to the spread of microcracks in LiNi_xMn_yCo_1-x-yO₂ (NMC) secondary particles and therefore the rapid capacity deterioration. Herein, we propose a ‘liquid explosion’ strategy to pre-pulverize the agglomerated secondary particle system of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ (NMC811) massively into an unusual primary particle system via the infiltration of P₃N₃Cl₆ (PNCL) melt and its following gasification. This primary particle system avoids the prevalence of microcracks and degradation of electric contact in electrode network. The high dispersity of particles enables the more homogenous and compact electrode network, which is well preserved even after long-term cycling. The residual PNCL releases N, Cl and P elements, which are implanted into an ultrathin cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) and lithiated into conductive Li₃N, LiCl and Li_xPO_yF_z components. The modified Li-NMC cells exhibit the ultralong cycling life (at least 1100 cycles at 1 C) with very small capacity fading rate (0.043% per cycle) even under the protocol of high cut-off voltage (4.5 V). This endurable discrete-particle-type electrode network also endows the high-loading cathode with excellent capacity retention even under the configuration of pouch cell. The concept of ‘liquid explosive’ provides a scalable solution to high-performance NMC based materials for practical battery application.

来自各向异性晶格畸变的机械应变会导致LiNi _x Mn _y Co _1-xy O ₂ (NMC)二次粒子中的微裂纹扩展，从而导致容量迅速下降。_{在此，我们提出了一种“液体爆炸”策略，通过 P 3} N ₃ Cl _{6的渗透，将 LiNi 0.8} Mn _0.1 Co _0.1 O ₂ (NMC811)的团聚二次粒子系统大量预粉碎成一个不寻常的一次粒子系统。(PNCL) 熔体及其随后的气化。这种初级粒子系统避免了电极网络中微裂纹和电接触退化的普遍存在。粒子的高分散性使电极网络更加均匀和紧凑，即使在长期循环后也能很好地保存下来。残留的 PNCL 释放出 N、Cl 和 P 元素，这些元素被植入到超薄阴极电解质界面 (CEI) 中并锂化成导电的 Li ₃ N、LiCl 和 Li _x PO _y F _z成分。即使在高截止电压（4.5 V）的协议下，改性的 Li-NMC 电池也表现出超长的循环寿命（在 1 C 下至少 1100 次循环）和非常小的容量衰减率（每循环 0.043%）。这种耐用的离散粒子型电极网络也赋予了高负载正极，即使在软包电池配置下也具有出色的容量保持能力。“液体炸药”的概念为实际电池应用的高性能 NMC 基材料提供了可扩展的解决方案。