Possibility of human exposure to microplastics (MPs) in water environment has been escalating, and subsequent challenges of MPs to biostability and biosafety in drinking water deserve more attention, especially in stagnant water. The present study explored the integrated impacts of MPs and chlorine on disinfection kinetics, microbial growth, and microbial community formation in drinking water, by setting MPs or microplastic-biofilm (MP-BM) under different disinfection conditions. The following were the primary conclusions: (1) The presence of MP and MP-BM led to the deterioration of water indices (especially turbidity) when chlorine was less than 1 mg/L. (2) MP/MP-BM accelerated the decay of disinfectants and MP-BM consumed more rapidly. Meanwhile, chlorine contributed to the level of BRP, ranging from 4.78 × 10⁵ CFU/mL to 1.42 × 10⁷ CFU/mL. (3) MP/MP-BM and chlorine integrally shaped microbial communities in water samples and biofilm samples. Microbial dissimilarity between isolated and hybrid MP-BM indicated manners of microbial field or non-contact communication. Microbial abundance and OPs were effectively controlled when chlorine was over 1 mg/L. (4) According to time-lag differential equations simulation, impulsive chlorination contributed to controlling microbial risks and DBPs induced by MP/MP-BM and water stagnation.

人类在水环境中接触微塑料 (MPs) 的可能性不断增加，随后 MPs 对饮用水生物稳定性和生物安全性的挑战值得更多关注，尤其是在死水中。本研究通过在不同消毒条件下设置 MPs 或微塑料生物膜 (MP-BM)，探讨了 MPs 和氯对饮用水中消毒动力学、微生物生长和微生物群落形成的综合影响。主要结论如下： (1) MP 和 MP-BM 的存在导致氯小于 1 mg/L 时水质指标（尤其是浊度）的恶化。(2) MP/MP-BM加速了消毒剂的衰变，MP-BM的消耗更快。同时，氯对 BRP 水平的贡献，范围为 4.78 × 10 ⁵CFU/mL 至 1.42 × 10 ⁷ CFU/mL。(3) MP/MP-BM 和氯在水样和生物膜样品中形成整体的微生物群落。分离和混合 MP-BM 之间的微生物差异表明微生物场或非接触式通信的方式。当氯超过 1 mg/L 时，微生物丰度和 OPs 得到有效控制。(4) 根据时滞微分方程模拟，脉冲氯化有助于控制由 MP/MP-BM 和水停滞引起的微生物风险和 DBP。