The development of historical archaeology in the Iberian Peninsula has opened new and stimulating avenues of research into its most recent times. One of these has been the archaeology of the Carlist Wars, a series of nineteenth-century conflicts related to the overarching process of the emergence of liberal governments in Europe and, contemporarily, of counter-revolutionary movements. This paper will describe recent excavations at Carlist sites in the southern part of the Basque Country in order to tackle two interrelated questions: the limits and possibilities of a Carlist archaeology and the close connection of the specific materialities of these events and the politics of memory surrounding them. It is argued that the Carlist War materiality has not been considered in the process of the construction of the Basque heritage because these conflicts are not introduced into the legitimating narratives of the failed-state formation project of the Basque identity.

伊比利亚半岛历史考古学的发展为其最近的时代开辟了新的、令人振奋的研究途径。其中之一是 Carlist Wars 的考古学，这是一系列 19 世纪的冲突，这些冲突与欧洲自由政府的出现以及同时代的反革命运动的总体进程有关。本文将描述最近在巴斯克地区南部卡利斯特遗址的发掘，以解决两个相互关联的问题：卡利斯特考古学的局限性和可能性，以及这些事件的具体物质性与周围的记忆政治的密切联系。他们。