Unsupported molybdenum carbide catalyst was prepared by a nonthermal plasma carburization (PC) method. The input voltage (50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, and 110 V) and discharge time (2, 3, and 4 h) were optimized. Pure β-Mo₂C was prepared at input voltage of 90 V for 4 h (Mo₂C-PC). In comparison, a molybdenum carbide catalyst (Mo₂C-TPC) was prepared by the conventional temperature-programmed reduction carburization. Mo₂C-PC had smaller crystal size (7.4 nm), as estimated by the Scherrer equation (XRD), and more active sites (Mo²⁺), as determined by XPS. TEM characterization revealed that there was no obvious agglomeration of Mo₂C-PC particles, whereas agglomerative particles and a carbon layer could be observed in Mo₂C-TPC. Mo₂C-PC and Mo₂C-TPC were evaluated in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol, phenol, and anisole, using a stainless-steel tubular reactor. The results showed that both the conversion of phenolic compounds and the selectivity to aromatic hydrocarbons over Mo₂C-PC were higher than those of Mo₂C-TPC at low temperatures (< 300 °C). The TOF of Mo₂C-PC(0.37 s⁻¹) was close to that of Mo₂C-TPC (0.32 s⁻¹) in HDO of guaiacol, suggesting that the enhanced performance could be ascribed to reduced particles, increased Mo sites (Mo²⁺) and suppressed carbon deposit.

无负载碳化钼催化剂采用非热等离子体渗碳（PC）法制备。优化了输入电压（50、60、70、80、90、100 和 110 V）和放电时间（2、3 和 4 小时）。纯β-Mo ₂ C 在90 V 的输入电压下制备4 小时（Mo ₂ C-PC）。相比之下，碳化钼催化剂（Mo ₂ C-TPC）是通过常规程序升温还原渗碳制备的。Mo ₂ C-PC 具有较小的晶体尺寸 (7.4 nm)，如 Scherrer 方程 (XRD) 所估计的，以及更多的活性位点 (Mo ²⁺ )，如由 XPS 所确定的。TEM表征表明Mo _{2没有明显的团聚C-PC颗粒，而在Mo 2} C-TPC中可以观察到团聚颗粒和碳层。使用不锈钢管式反应器在愈创木酚、苯酚和苯甲醚的加氢脱氧 (HDO) 中评估Mo ₂ C-PC 和 Mo _{2 C-TPC。}结果表明，在低温（< 300 ℃）下，Mo ₂ C-PC对酚类化合物的转化率和芳烃选择性均高于 Mo _{2 C-TPC。Mo 2} C-PC(0.37 s ^-1 )的TOF接近Mo ₂ C-TPC(0.32 s ^-1) 在愈创木酚的 HDO 中，表明增强的性能可归因于减少的颗粒、增加的 Mo 位点 (Mo ²⁺ ) 和抑制的碳沉积。