Attachment- and emotion-focused parenting interventions (AE) have grown in popularity as an alternative to behavioral parent training (BPT) for children and adolescents. AE go beneath behavior by helping parents understand and respond to their child’s underlying attachment and emotional needs. Past reviews have examined their effects on attachment security and caregiver sensitivity, though less is known regarding their effects on child mental health symptoms. Reported here is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of individual and group AE on externalizing behavior (EXT) and internalizing behavior (INT) for children aged 0–18 years. A search of four databases prior to July 2021 elicited 43 studies that met eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis revealed that AE were superior to waitlist controls for EXT (SMD = − 0.17) and INT (SMD = − 0.34). Effects were sustained at follow-up periods of 6 months and greater, and AE considered to target child mental health were significantly more effective than those that did not in reducing EXT and INT. Two studies retrieved directly compared AE to BPT, which showed no evidence of a difference for follow-up measures of EXT. No studies compared AE to BPT on INT. AE demonstrated no evidence of superiority compared to controls for parent mental health. Findings support the potential for AE to reduce EXT and INT in children and adolescents; however, future research should consider the relative effectiveness of AE.

作为针对儿童和青少年的行为父母培训（BPT）的替代方案，以依恋和情感为中心的育儿干预（AE）越来越受欢迎。 AE 通过帮助父母理解和回应孩子潜在的依恋和情感需求来深入了解行为。过去的评论已经研究了它们对依恋安全性和照顾者敏感性的影响，尽管人们对它们对儿童心理健康症状的影响知之甚少。本文报告的是对 0-18 岁儿童外化行为 (EXT) 和内化行为 (INT) 的个人和群体 AE 的首次系统回顾和荟萃分析。 2021 年 7 月之前对四个数据库的检索得出了 43 项符合资格标准的研究。荟萃分析显示，对于 EXT ( SMD = − 0.17) 和 INT ( SMD = − 0.34)，AE 优于等候名单对照。效果在 6 个月或更长时间的随访期间持续存在，并且被认为针对儿童心理健康的 AE 在减少 EXT 和 INT 方面比那些不针对儿童心理健康的 AE 显着更有效。检索到的两项研究直接比较了 AE 和 BPT，没有证据表明 EXT 后续测量存在差异。没有研究在 INT 上比较 AE 和 BPT。与父母心理健康对照组相比，没有证据表明 AE 具有优越性。研究结果支持 AE 有可能减少儿童和青少年的 EXT 和 INT；然而，未来的研究应该考虑 AE 的相对有效性。