Gas-induced liquid-phase mixing in shallow vessels is important to primary and secondary steel-refining processes and governs the quality of the steel. In the present work, we have investigated the dynamics of meandering bubble plumes and their role in liquid-phase mixing in shallow vessel that corresponds to 1:6 scaled-down model of ladle used in the secondary steel-refining process. The effects of multiple meandering bubble plumes and their interactions on the liquid-phase velocity distribution, recirculatory flow, plume oscillation frequencies, and turbulent kinetic energy are analyzed for different bottom injection configurations using particle image velocimetry measurements. The role of meandering bubble plumes and their interactions in the liquid-phase mixing is analyzed using planar laser-induced fluorescence measurements. ~60% reduction in the mixing time was found with differential flow scheme. Present findings help to understand the contributions of differential flow and bubble plumes interactions to liquid-phase mixing in shallow vessels.

中文翻译：

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相互作用的气泡羽流的 PIV 和 PLIF 测量及其在浅容器中液相混合中的作用

浅容器中气体诱导的液相混合对于一次和二次炼钢过程很重要，并控制着钢的质量。在目前的工作中，我们研究了曲折气泡羽流的动力学及其在浅容器中液相混合中的作用，该容器对应于二次精炼过程中使用的钢包按比例缩小的 1:6 模型。使用粒子图像测速测量分析了不同底部注入配置下多个曲折气泡羽流及其相互作用对液相速度分布、再循环流、羽流振荡频率和湍流动能的影响。使用平面激光诱导荧光测量分析曲折气泡羽流的作用及其在液相混合中的相互作用。使用差动流方案发现混合时间减少了约 60%。目前的研究结果有助于理解差流和气泡羽流相互作用对浅容器中液相混合的贡献。