Background Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) are associated with the risk of lung cancer and its mortality. However, the impact of ILA on treatment-related complications and survival in patients who underwent curative surgery is still unknown. Research question This study aimed to evaluate the significance of the presence of computed tomography-diagnosed ILA and histopathologically matched interstitial abnormalities on postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and the long-term survival of patients who underwent surgical treatment for lung cancer. Study design and methods A matched case–control study was designed to compare PPCs and mortality among 50 patients with ILA, 50 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and 200 controls. Cases and controls were matched by sex, age, smoking history, tumour location, the extent of surgery, tumour histology and pathological TNM stage. Results Compared with the control group, the OR of the prevalence of PPCs increased to 9.56 (95% CI 2.85 to 32.1, p<0.001) in the ILA group and 56.50 (95% CI 17.92 to 178.1, p<0.001) in the IPF group. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of the control, ILA and IPF groups were 76% (95% CI 71% to 83%), 52% (95% CI 37% to 74%) and 32% (95% CI 19% to 53%), respectively (log-rank p<0.001). Patients with ILA had better 5-year OS than those with IPF (log-rank p=0.046) but had worse 5-year OS than those in the control group (log-rank p=0.002). Conclusions The presence of radiological and pathological features of ILA in patients with lung cancer undergoing curative surgery was associated with frequent complications and decreased survival. Data are available on reasonable request.

中文翻译：

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肺间质异常对肺癌术后肺部并发症及生存的影响

背景 间质性肺异常 (ILA) 与肺癌的风险及其死亡率有关。然而，ILA 对接受根治性手术的患者的治疗相关并发症和生存率的影响仍然未知。研究问题 本研究旨在评估计算机断层扫描诊断的 ILA 和组织病理学匹配的间质异常对术后肺部并发症 (PPC) 和接受手术治疗的肺癌患者的长期生存的意义。研究设计和方法 一项匹配的病例对照研究旨在比较 50 名 ILA 患者、50 名特发性肺纤维化 (IPF) 患者和 200 名对照者的 PPC 和死亡率。病例和对照按性别、年龄、吸烟史、肿瘤位置、手术范围、肿瘤组织学和病理TNM分期。结果 与对照组相比，ILA 组 PPC 患病率的 OR 增至 9.56（95% CI 2.85 至 32.1，p<0.001），IPF 组增至 56.50（95% CI 17.92 至 178.1，p<0.001）团体。对照组、ILA 和 IPF 组的 5 年总生存率 (OS) 分别为 76%（95% CI 71% 至 83%）、52%（95% CI 37% 至 74%）和 32%（95%置信区间 19% 至 53%），分别为（对数秩 p<0.001）。ILA 患者的 5 年 OS 优于 IPF 患者 (log-rank p=0.046)，但 5 年 OS 低于对照组 (log-rank p=0.002)。结论 接受根治性手术的肺癌患者存在 ILA 放射学和病理学特征与并发症频繁和生存率降低相关。可应合理要求提供数据。