The most common type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), which has a high metastatic potential. Even though the International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk model is conventionally utilized for selection and stratification of patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC), there remains an unmet demand for novel prognostic and predictive markers. The goal of this study was to analyze the expression of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Cluster of Differentiation 31 (CD31) to determine microvessel density, and Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) in primary kidney tumors, as well as their predictive and prognostic value in patients with metastatic ccRCC (mccRCC) who were treated with first-line sunitinib. The study included 35 mccRCC patients who were treated with first-line sunitinib in period between 2009 and 2019. Immunofluorescence was used to examine biomarker expression in tissue specimens of the primary tumor and surrounding normal kidney tissue. Median disease-free survival (DFS) was longer in patients with negative and low tumor VEGF score than in patients with medium tumor VEGF score (p=0.02). Those with low tumor CD31 expression had a longer median DFS than patients with high tumor CD31 expression (p=0.019). There was no correlation between Ang-1 expression and DFS. The expression of biomarkers in normal kidney tissue was significantly lower than in tumor tissue (p<0.001). In conclusion, higher VEGF scores and greater CD31 expression were associated with longer DFS, but neither of these biomarkers correlated with progression-free survival or overall survival.

中文翻译：

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VEGF、CD31 和 Ang-1 在接受一线舒尼替尼治疗的转移性透明细胞肾细胞癌患者中的预后和预测意义。

最常见的肾细胞癌 (RCC) 类型是透明细胞肾细胞癌 (ccRCC)，它具有很高的转移潜能。尽管国际转移性 RCC 数据库联盟 (IMDC) 风险模型通常用于转移性 RCC (mRCC) 患者的选择和分层，但对新型预后和预测标志物的需求仍未得到满足。本研究的目的是分析血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)、分化簇 31 (CD31) 以确定微血管密度和血管生成素-1 (Ang-1) 在原发性肾肿瘤中的表达，以及它们的预测作用以及接受一线舒尼替尼治疗的转移性 ccRCC (mccRCC) 患者的预后价值。该研究包括 35 名在 2009 年至 2019 年期间接受一线舒尼替尼治疗的 mccRCC 患者。免疫荧光用于检查原发肿瘤和周围正常肾组织的组织标本中的生物标志物表达。与肿瘤 VEGF 评分中等的患者相比，肿瘤 VEGF 评分阴性和低的患者的中位无病生存期 (DFS) 更长 (p=0.02)。具有低肿瘤 CD31 表达的患者比具有高肿瘤 CD31 表达的患者具有更长的中位 DFS (p=0.019)。Ang-1 表达与 DFS 之间没有相关性。生物标志物在正常肾组织中的表达显着低于肿瘤组织 (p<0.001)。总之，更高的 VEGF 评分和更高的 CD31 表达与更长的 DFS 相关，