Viruses transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes are an increasingly important global cause of disease. Defining common determinants of host susceptibility to this large group of heterogenous pathogens is key for informing the rational design of panviral medicines. Infection of the vertebrate host with these viruses is enhanced by mosquito saliva, a complex mixture of salivary-gland-derived factors and microbiota. We show that the enhancement of infection by saliva was dependent on vascular function and was independent of most antisaliva immune responses, including salivary microbiota. Instead, the Aedes gene product sialokinin mediated the enhancement of virus infection through a rapid reduction in endothelial barrier integrity. Sialokinin is unique within the insect world as having a vertebrate-like tachykinin sequence and is absent from Anopheles mosquitoes , which are incompetent for most arthropod-borne viruses, whose saliva was not proviral and did not induce similar vascular permeability. Therapeutic strategies targeting sialokinin have the potential to limit disease severity following infection with Aedes -mosquito-borne viruses.

中文翻译：

---

蚊子唾液通过唾液酸激肽依赖性血管渗漏增强病毒感染

传播的病毒伊蚊蚊子是越来越重要的全球疾病病因。确定宿主对这一大群异源病原体易感性的共同决定因素是为全病毒药物的合理设计提供信息的关键。蚊子唾液增强了脊椎动物宿主对这些病毒的感染，蚊子唾液是唾液腺衍生因子和微生物群的复杂混合物。我们表明，唾液感染的增强取决于血管功能，并且与大多数抗唾液免疫反应无关，包括唾液微生物群。相反，伊蚊基因产物唾液酸激肽通过内皮屏障完整性的快速降低介导了病毒感染的增强。唾液激肽在昆虫界是独一无二的，因为它具有类似于脊椎动物的速激肽序列，并且在昆虫界中不存在按蚊, 这对大多数节肢动物传播的病毒来说是无能的, 它们的唾液不是原病毒, 也不会引起类似的血管通透性。针对唾液酸激肽的治疗策略有可能限制感染伊蚊- 蚊子传播的病毒。