Spontaneous orientation polarization (SOP) of amorphous organic semiconducting films has attracted much attention because of its frequent observation in common organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and potential influences on the device properties of OLEDs. On the other hand, the formation mechanism of SOP has been controversial for a long time, ever since its discovery in 2002. Recently, the formation mechanism of SOP was explained in terms of the surface equilibration mechanism of vapor-deposited glasses, and the understanding of SOP has progressed significantly. Based on the improved understanding, some active control methods of SOP have been demonstrated and further influences on the device performance of OLEDs were revealed, suggesting that higher efficiency can be achieved by managing SOP properly. Furthermore, some applications of SOP have also been proposed, such as a self-assembled electret and a tool for evaluating materials properties. In this paper, recent progress in the understanding of SOP and its applications to devices are reviewed.

非晶有机半导体薄膜的自发取向极化（SOP）因其在普通有机发光二极管（OLED）中的频繁观察以及对OLED器件性能的潜在影响而备受关注。另一方面，SOP的形成机理自2002年被发现以来一直存在争议。最近，从气相沉积玻璃的表面平衡机理的角度解释了SOP的形成机理，以及对SOP形成机理的认识。 SOP 取得了显着进展。基于更好的理解，SOP 的一些主动控制方法已经得到证实，并揭示了对 OLED 器件性能的进一步影响，这表明通过适当管理 SOP 可以实现更高的效率。此外，还提出了 SOP 的一些应用，例如自组装驻极体和评估材料性能的工具。在本文中，回顾了对 SOP 的理解及其在设备中的应用的最新进展。