Innovations in materials science are the key element for solving technological challenges. Various energy and environmental applications require designing materials with tailored compositions, microstructures and specific target-oriented performance. Y and Mn co-substituted BaZrO₃, e.g. BaZr_0.85Y_0.15Mn_0.05O_3-δ, has previously attracted attention as a membrane material for H₂ separation from gas mixtures due to its mixed proton-electron conductivity leading to appreciable levels of H₂-flux at elevated temperatures and its good thermo-chemical stability under reducing environments. In the present work, we developed ceramic materials within the BaZr_0.8Y_0.2-xMn_xO_3-δ series, where x = 0.02–0.15. The study of their functional properties in dependence of the Y-to-Mn ratio disclosed that thermal expansion and hydration decrease by increasing the Mn content as well as the total electrical conductivity. In addition to that, XPS analysis and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectra (NEXAFS) in the vicinity of O K-edge and Mn L_2,3-edges indicated that the Mn atoms oxidation state in the surface and in the bulk range from Mn²⁺ to Mn⁴⁺ depending on the ambient conditions that can be encountered in MPEC electrodes, which it is suggested to be related with a hydration mechanism mediated by Mn oxidation and subsequent proton attachment to oxygen neighbors, similar to LSM.

材料科学的创新是解决技术挑战的关键因素。各种能源和环境应用需要设计具有定制成分、微观结构和特定目标导向性能的材料。Y 和 Mn 共取代 BaZrO ₃，例如 BaZr _0.85 Y _0.15 Mn _0.05 O _{3 -δ}，由于其混合质子-电子传导性导致可观水平的 H高温下的_{2 -flux 及其在还原环境下的良好热化学稳定性。}在目前的工作中，我们开发了 BaZr 内的陶瓷材料_0.8 Y _0.2-x Mn _x O _3-δ系列，其中 x = 0.02–0.15。对它们与 Y 与 Mn 比率相关的功能特性的研究表明，通过增加 Mn 含量以及总电导率，热膨胀和水化作用会降低。除此之外，O K-edge 和 Mn L _2,3 -edges 附近的 XPS 分析和近边缘 X 射线吸收精细结构光谱 (NEXAFS) 表明，Mn 原子在表面和本体中的氧化态范围从 Mn ²⁺到 Mn ⁴⁺取决于 MPEC 电极中可能遇到的环境条件，这被认为与由 Mn 氧化和随后的质子附着到氧邻居介导的水合机制有关，类似于 LSM。