The Galería de las Estatuas is a Mousterian site located within the Cueva Mayor-Cueva del Silo karstic system at the Sierra de Atapuerca (Burgos, Spain). This site is characterised by an important Upper Pleistocene stratigraphic sequence in which a large number of lithic artefacts exhibiting clear Mousterian affinities and a rich assemblage of faunal remains have been found.

Additionally, this site has yielded a foot phalanx of a clear Neanderthal affinities and its sediment has yielded Neanderthal mitochondrial and nuclear DNA.

Two test pits, GE-I and GE-II, have been excavated since 2008 which have been divided in 5 and 2 lithostratigraphical units, respectively. A minimum age of 45 ka cal BP for this site was obtained by radiocarbon dating in GE-II. This chronology was refined using single-grain Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL: 80–112 ka in GE-I and 70–79 ka in GE-II) and single-grain thermally transferred OSL (TT-OSL). Although in all case TT-OSL ages were systematically older than their single-grain counterparts. The detrital sequence is sealed by a flowstone whose base is dated to 53.7 ± 3.5 ka cal BP using U-series dating.

In order to better constrain the age of this site, nine herbivorous teeth were collected from the whole sedimentary sequence to be dated by the ESR/U-series dating method though only seven provided modelled ages. Six of them were collected from levels 2 to 5 of the GE-I test pit while the last tooth was taken from level 2 of the GE-II test pit. Our results, ranging between 80 and 110 ka, are in agreement with those obtained by single grain TT-OSL and suggest that the sedimentological levels containing Mousterian lithic artefacts and faunal and human remains began to be deposited during the second part of the MIS5. These results fill a temporal gap in the chronology of the Atapuerca sites for which no contemporary MIS5 date was obtained until recently.

Galería de las Estatuas 是一个 Mousterian 遗址，位于 Sierra de Atapuerca（西班牙布尔戈斯）的 Cueva Mayor-Cueva del Silo 岩溶系统内。该遗址的特点是一个重要的上更新世地层序列，在该序列中发现了大量具有明显 Mousterian 亲缘关系的岩屑制品和丰富的动物遗骸组合。

此外，该地点已经产生了具有明显尼安德特人亲和力的足方阵，其沉积物产生了尼安德特人线粒体和核DNA。

自 2008 年以来，已经开挖了两个测试坑 GE-I 和 GE-II，它们分别被划分为 5 个和 2 个岩石地层单元。该地点的最小年龄为 45 ka cal BP，是通过 GE-II 中的放射性碳测年获得的。使用单颗粒光刺激发光（OSL：GE-I 中的 80-112 ka 和 GE-II 中的 70-79 ka）和单颗粒热转移 OSL（TT-OSL）来完善该年表。尽管在所有情况下 TT-OSL 年龄都比其单粒对应物更老。碎屑序列由流石密封，其基部使用 U 系列测年法确定为 53.7 ± 3.5 ka cal BP。

为了更好地确定该遗址的年龄，虽然仅提供了七个模型年龄，但从整个沉积序列中收集了 9 颗草食性牙齿，以通过 ESR/U 系列测年方法进行测年。其中六颗是从 GE-I 测试坑的 2 到 5 级收集的，而最后一颗牙齿是从 GE-II 测试坑的 2 级取出的。我们的结果在 80 到 110 ka 之间，与单粒 TT-OSL 获得的结果一致，表明在 MIS5 的第二部分期间开始沉积含有穆斯特岩制品和动物和人类遗骸的沉积物水平。这些结果填补了阿塔普尔卡遗址年表中的时间空白，直到最近才获得当代 MIS5 日期。