In psychoanalysis, the psyche is conceived as an entity extended in space (Freud, 1940 [1938]). Apart from extending psychic activity beyond what is conscious, this spatial conception could of course mean the emerging of the psyche from the space of the body: Freud, in a well-known passage from the “Ego and the id,” writes: “The ego is first and foremost a bodily ego; it is not merely a surface entity, but is itself the projection of a surface” (Freud, 1923, p. 26). Also, the id is pictured “as being open at its end to somatic influences, and as there taking up into itself instinctual needs which find their psychical expression in it” (Freud, 1933 [1932], p. 79). The anchoring of psychic activity in the body is portrayed in the Freudian concept of instinct (Trieb). He writes:

中文翻译：

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精神分析中身体的存在

在精神分析中，心灵被认为是一个在空间中延伸的实体（弗洛伊德，1940 [1938]）。除了将心理活动延伸到有意识之外，这种空间概念当然可能意味着心灵从身体空间中出现：弗洛伊德在《自我与本我》的一段著名段落中写道：自我首先是身体的自我；它不仅仅是一个表面实体，它本身就是一个表面的投影”（弗洛伊德，1923，第 26 页）。此外，本我被描绘为“在其结束时对躯体影响开放，并在其中吸收本能需求，并在其中找到心理表达”（弗洛伊德，1933 [1932]，第 79 页）。弗洛伊德的本能概念（Trieb）描绘了身体中心理活动的锚定。他写：