Petra in southern Jordan was an important political and commercial center in Classical Antiquity. The urban origins date to ca. 3rd c. BCE, and the city flourished during the Nabataean period, when the Petra valley became the location of spectacular monuments. In 106 CE, Petra and the Nabataean Kingdom were annexed by the Roman Empire and the city became the most prominent center of Roman Arabia. On May 19, 363, Petra was struck by a disastrous earthquake, from which it never fully recovered. During Late Antiquity, Petra was the capital of the Byzantine province Palaestina Salutaris/Tertia and the seat of the Christian metropolitan see. The 6th c. is particularly illuminated through the Petra Papyri, a corpus of Byzantine Greek documents, but the city is not mentioned in post-6th-c. sources. Archaeological data indicate that, by the mid-7th c., large parts of the Petra valley were abandoned, and urban existence had ended everywhere by the 8th c. (if not earlier), although a Christian population still inhabited the valley at the time of the Crusades.

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佩特拉的北脊 - PM Bikai、MA Perry 和 C. Kanellopoulos。2020.佩特拉：北脊。安曼：美国东方研究中心。聚丙烯。496，有许多彩色和黑白无花果、地图和计划。国际标准书号 978-0-578-67663-9。

约旦南部的佩特拉是古代重要的政治和商业中心。城市起源可追溯到约。3℃。公元前，这座城市在纳巴泰时期蓬勃发展，当时佩特拉山谷成为壮观古迹的所在地。公元 106 年，佩特拉和纳巴泰王国被罗马帝国吞并，这座城市成为罗马阿拉伯最突出的中心。363 年 5 月 19 日，佩特拉遭遇了一场灾难性的地震，从未完全恢复。在古代晚期，佩特拉是拜占庭省 Palaestina Salutaris/Tertia 的首府，也是基督教大都会的所在地。6世纪。通过拜占庭希腊文件的语料库佩特拉纸莎草纸特别照亮，但在 6 世纪后未提及这座城市。来源。考古资料表明，到公元 7 世纪中期，佩特拉河谷的大部分地区都被遗弃了，到 8 世纪，城市的存在到处都结束了。（如果不是更早的话），尽管在十字军东征时仍有基督徒居住在山谷中。