Editor’s Introduction: For ten years after the end of World War II, Austria was under the occupation of four external powers—the Soviet Union, the United States, Great Britain, and France. The occupation came to an end in late October 1955 as a result of the signing of the Austrian State Treaty in May 1955. The day after the final Soviet and Western soldiers left, the Austrian government adopted a unilateral declaration of neutrality, which remains in effect even now. Although the Austrian declaration was separate from the Austrian State Treaty and the end of the occupation, it was de facto tied to both, as all parties involved were well aware. Gerald Stourzh’s historical analysis of the Austrian State Treaty, originally titled Kleine Geschichte des österreichischen Staatsvertrages (A Brief History of the Austrian State Treaty), was published to great acclaim in 1975. A second edition for the 25th anniversary of the treaty came out in 1980 under the new title Geschichte des Staatsvertrages: Österreichs Weg zur Neutralität (History of the State Treaty: The Austrian Path to Neutrality), expanding from 255 pages to 320. A third edition, increasing further to 336 pages, was published in 1985 on the 30th anniversary. The second and third editions involved relatively modest revisions to incorporate interviews and newly available documents from Austria, but a fourth edition that came out in 1998 entailed a thorough reworking and huge expansion of the book, which went from 336 pages to 831 and appeared under a new title, Um Einheit und Freiheit: Staatsvertrag, Neutralität und das Ende der Ost-West-Besetzung Österreichs 1945—1955 (For Unity and Freedom: The State Treaty, Neutrality, and the

中文翻译：

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奥地利国家条约和冷战

编者按：二战结束后的十年间，奥地利被苏联、美国、英国、法国四个外部大国占领。由于 1955 年 5 月签署了《奥地利国家条约》，占领于 1955 年 10 月下旬结束。在最后一批苏联和西方士兵离开后的第二天，奥地利政府通过了单方面的中立宣言，该宣言仍然有效即使是现在。尽管奥地利宣言与《奥地利国家条约》和占领的结束是分开的，但它实际上与两者联系在一起，因为所有相关方都很清楚。Gerald Stourzh 对奥地利国家条约的历史分析，原名为 Kleine Geschichte des österreichischen Staatsvertrages（奥地利国家条约简史），1975 年出版，广受好评。1980 年，该条约 25 周年的第二版出版，新标题为 Geschichte des Staatsvertrages: Österreichs Weg zur Neutralität（国家条约的历史：奥地利通往中立的道路），从255 页至 320 页。第三版，进一步增加到 336 页，于 1985 年 30 周年之际出版。第二版和第三版进行了相对适度的修改，以纳入来自奥地利的采访和新获得的文件，但 1998 年出版的第四版需要对本书进行彻底的修改和巨大的扩展，从 336 页增加到 831 页，并出现在新标题，Um Einheit und Freiheit: Staatsvertrag, Neutralität und das Ende der Ost-West-Besetzung Österreichs 1945-1955（为了统一和自由：国家条约，