Abstract In 1949, two executives at the Hungarian subsidiary of the U.S. conglomerate International Telephone & Telegraph (ITT), Robert Vogeler of the United States and Edgar Sanders of Great Britain, along with five Hungarian nationals, were arrested, tortured, given peremptory trials, and imprisoned for espionage and economic sabotage. This article reexamines the case in light of the diplomatic efforts to secure their release. The case needs to be understood in the context of U.S. intelligence agencies’ policies during the early Cold War. Numerous organizations that were not necessarily well coordinated embarked on intelligence-gathering and a variety of covert operations, some of which were undertaken with the cooperation of multinational corporations such as ITT. Vogeler and Sanders were indeed guilty of many of the charges leveled against them, and their ordeal was significant because it revealed the ineffectiveness of Cold War policies to influence behavior behind the Iron Curtain during the Stalin era.

中文翻译：

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匈牙利冷战的企业层面：重新考虑 ITT 和 Vogeler/Sanders 案

摘要 1949 年，美国国际电话电报集团 (ITT) 匈牙利子公司的两名高管，美国的罗伯特·沃格勒和英国的埃德加·桑德斯，以及五名匈牙利国民，被逮捕、折磨、接受强制审判，并因从事间谍活动和破坏经济活动而入狱。本文根据为确保他们获释所做的外交努力重新审视此案。这个案子需要结合美国情报机构在冷战初期的政策来理解。许多不一定协调良好的组织开始进行情报收集和各种秘密行动，其中一些是与 ITT 等跨国公司合作进行的。