Abstract In late October 1964, nearly 1,000 European and U.S. citizens were taken hostage by rebel forces in Stanleyville in northern Congo as part of an attempt to create the “People’s Republic of Congo,” an opposition regime designed to rival the pro-Western government in the capital Léopoldville (now Kinshasa). The hostages were captured to use as leverage against the advancing Armée Nationale Congolaise (ANC), led by white mercenaries as part of a Western-backed military effort to crush the rebellion. In response, Belgium and the United States launched a military intervention to rescue their citizens on 24 November 1964, publicly justifying the incursion on humanitarian grounds. In reality, the main purpose was to crush the rebellion and secure Western interests in Congo. The intervention reflected a cavalier attitude toward sovereignty, international law, and the use of force in postcolonial Africa and had the adverse effect of discrediting humanitarian reasoning as a basis for military intervention until the end of the Cold War. The massacre of tens of thousands of Congolese in Stanleyville was a unique moment in which African countries united in their criticism of Western policies and demanded firmer sovereignty in the postcolonial world.

中文翻译：

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辛巴叛乱、冷战和刚果的斯坦利维尔人质

摘要 1964 年 10 月下旬，近 1,000 名欧洲和美国公民在刚果北部斯坦利维尔被叛军劫持为人质，企图建立“刚果人民共和国”，这是一个旨在与亲西方政府抗衡的反对派政权。首都利奥波德维尔（今金沙萨）。人质被抓获以作为打击由白人雇佣军领导的推进的刚果国民军（ANC）的筹码，这是西方支持的镇压叛乱的军事行动的一部分。作为回应，比利时和美国于 1964 年 11 月 24 日发起军事干预以营救本国公民，公开为这次入侵提供人道主义理由。实际上，主要目的是镇压叛乱并确保西方在刚果的利益。这一干预反映了对主权、国际法和后殖民非洲使用武力的漫不经心的态度，并产生了不利影响，即在冷战结束之前，人道主义推理是军事干预的基础。数以万计的刚果人在斯坦利维尔被屠杀是一个独特的时刻，非洲国家联合起来批评西方政策，并要求在后殖民世界拥有更坚定的主权。