Writing at Ugarit has received a great deal of scholarly attention for the wide range of languages and writing systems used, and especially for the city’s distinctive alphabetic cuneiform script which accounts for around half of the inscribed material from the site. The vast majority of the rest is in the Akkadian language and logo-syllabic cuneiform script. This written material is, justifiably, usually seen as scribal, in that the vast majority stems from the state bureaucracy and from professional writers formally trained in a curriculum derived from the Mesopotamian cuneiform tradition. However, by using the blanket term ‘scribe’ we risk obscuring potential diversity in who used writing and why. This paper will explore the extent to which we can identify social diversity within writing practices at Ugarit and will focus in particular on three main areas: gender and women’s literacy; social mobility and writing outside the traditional literate establishment; and the relationship between writing and possible minority communities within Ugaritian society.

中文翻译：

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青铜时代晚期乌加里特的写作与社会多样性

乌加里特的写作因其所使用的广泛语言和书写系统而受到了学术界的极大关注，尤其是该市独特的楔形文字字母，占该遗址碑刻材料的一半左右。其余的绝大多数是阿卡德语和徽标音节楔形文字。有理由认为，这种书面材料通常被视为抄写员，因为绝大多数来自国家官僚机构和受过美索不达米亚楔形文字传统课程培训的专业作家。然而，通过使用“抄写员”这个笼统的术语，我们冒着掩盖谁使用写作以及为什么使用写作的潜在多样性的风险。本文将探讨我们可以在多大程度上识别 Ugarit 写作实践中的社会多样性，并将特别关注三个主要领域：性别和女性识字；传统识字机构之外的社会流动和写作；以及乌加里特社会中写作与可能的少数民族社区之间的关系。