In the post-industrial economy, the efficiency of scientific knowledge generation becomes crucial. Researchers began to interpret knowledge as a factor of economic growth in the second half of the 20th century; since then, within the theory of economics and management, various approaches have been developed to study the impact of knowledge on economic growth and performance. With time, the focus of knowledge-based theories shifted from corporate management to macrosystems and economic policy. The article describes the main stages in the development of socio-economic concepts of knowledge and analyzes the theoretical and methodological aspects of each approach. The authors have also formulated the critical problems in the analysis of the economic category of knowledge at the present stage and suggested ways of overcoming them. The article may be of interest both to researchers and practitioners in the sphere of corporate strategies and economic policy.

中文翻译：

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知识：从伦理范畴到知识资本主义

在后工业经济中，科学知识生成的效率变得至关重要。20 世纪下半叶，研究人员开始将知识解释为经济增长的一个因素。从那时起，在经济学和管理学理论中，人们开发了各种方法来研究知识对经济增长和绩效的影响。随着时间的推移，以知识为基础的理论的焦点从企业管理转向宏观系统和经济政策。本文描述了社会经济知识概念发展的主要阶段，并分析了每种方法的理论和方法方面。作者还阐述了现阶段知识经济范畴分析中的关键问题，并提出了克服这些问题的方法。