ABSTRACT In this paper, we define what we understand by birth professionals and examine how they have emerged in India in response to existing obstetric and gynecological practices. The focus here is on the emerging category of the “birth professional,” as we look back into how professional midwifery, doulas, childbirth educators and lactation consultants have come to define “newer” birthing options for women, with the corresponding decline of traditional midwifery in India. Finally, the paper uses ethnographic field data on professional midwives and doulas, to define what birth professionalism represents in India through case studies.

中文翻译：

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生育专家：当代印度新兴的生育实践

摘要在本文中，我们定义了我们对分娩专业人士的理解，并研究了他们如何在印度出现以应对现有的妇产科实践。这里的重点是新兴的“分娩专业人士”类别，因为我们回顾了专业助产士、助产士、分娩教育者和哺乳顾问如何定义女性的“新”分娩选择，而传统助产士也相应减少在印度。最后，本文使用专业助产士和助产士的民族志领域数据，通过案例研究来定义出生专业在印度代表什么。