This paper provides the first comprehensive description and analysis of the grammatical tone patterns of Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara), a Uto-Aztecan language spoken in Northern Mexico. Tone distribution in this language is dependent on stress, which is in turn governed by morphological factors. Many tonal patterns are thus predictable based on the lexical tone properties of roots and affixes. However, tone also serves a morphological role in this language: tone alone may encode morphological information, it may result as a morphologically conditioned effect, or it may be paradigmatically distributed. This paper provides a construction-based analysis of grammatical tone in this language and its interaction with lexical tone. We argue that this analysis captures several properties of this system, including: (1) the arbitrary relationship between tone patterns of related forms, (2) the heterogeneous nature of morphosyntactic classes expressed by tone melodies, and (3) the replacement of lexical tone by grammatical tone.

中文翻译：

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Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara) 中的语法音调模式

本文首次全面描述和分析了墨西哥北部使用的乌托-阿兹台克语 Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara) 的语法音调模式。这种语言的音调分布取决于重音，而重音又受形态因素的控制。因此，基于词根和词缀的词汇音调特性，许多音调模式是可预测的。然而，声调在这种语言中也起到了形态学的作用：单独的声调可以编码形态信息，它可能导致形态条件效应，或者它可能是范式分布的。本文对该语言的语法声调及其与词汇声调的相互作用进行了基于结构的分析。我们认为，这种分析抓住了这个系统的几个属性，包括：