This paper describes the Southern Pomo switch-reference system used in narrative texts. In this genre, switch-reference is shown to be canonical: suffixes applied to dependent verbs indicate whether or not the subject of the dependent verb is shared with a single TAM-bearing main verb. This system is compared with the switch-reference systems (or lack thereof) reported for the other six Pomoan languages. Only Kashaya Pomo is reported to have the same system. The other five Pomoan languages have different systems or none at all. It is asserted that switch-reference was not present in Proto-Pomo and developed in different ways in a subset of offspring languages through entirely internal changes without influence from non-Pomoan language contact. In those languages where switch-reference (whether canonical or not) developed, systems with dedicated bound switch-reference morphemes are hypothesized to have been elaborated around the same two Proto-Pomo suffixes, *-Vn and *-pʰi.

中文翻译：

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南波莫开关参考及其在波莫安中的起源

本文描述了叙事文本中使用的 Southern Pomo 切换参考系统。在这种类型中，切换引用被证明是规范的：应用于从属动词的后缀表明从属动词的主语是否与单个带有 TAM 的主要动词共享。该系统与报告的其他六种波莫语语言的切换参考系统（或缺乏）进行了比较。据报道，只有 Kashaya Pomo 拥有相同的系统。其他五种波摩语有不同的系统，或者根本没有。有人断言，在 Proto-Pomo 中不存在切换引用，并且通过完全内部变化以不同方式在后代语言的子集中发展，而不受非 Pomoan 语言接触的影响。在那些开发了切换引用（无论是否规范）的语言中，