Abstract In this paper, I investigate the distribution and semantic behavior of various proportional quantifiers (PQs) in Polish. Based on novel evidence including corpus data, I conclude that Polish PQs do not constitute a uniform category, but rather can be divided into four distinct classes based on the following properties: i) (in)compatibility with numerals and measure words, ii) (in)compatibility with approximative modifiers, iii) (in)compatibility with cumulative predicates and iv) (non)occurrence of spatial integrity effects. I propose that such a typology results from an interplay between more primitive semantic notions. In particular, the data call for combining degree semantics with a mereotopological approach to the meaning of PQs.

中文翻译：

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比例量词的类型学：来自波兰分词的证据

摘要 在本文中，我研究了波兰语中各种比例量词（PQ）的分布和语义行为。基于包括语料库数据在内的新证据，我得出结论，波兰语 PQ 并不构成一个统一的类别，而是可以根据以下属性分为四个不同的类别：i）与数字和量词的（不）相容性，ii）（ in) 与近似修饰符的兼容性，iii) (in) 与累积谓词的兼容性，以及 iv)（非）空间完整性效应的发生。我认为这种类型学是更原始语义概念之间相互作用的结果。特别是，数据要求将度语义与对 PQ 含义的子拓扑方法相结合。