The present scoping review investigated the current state of the art concerning factors affecting physical and mental health and well-being of workers using collaborative robots (cobots) in manufacturing industries. Each identified factor was classified using the SHELLO (Software-Hardware-Environment-Liveware-Liveware-Organization) conceptual model. Strengths and limitations of such an approach were outlined. A total of 53 papers were included in the scoping review and analyzed following PRISMA guidelines. In 35 papers at least one risk factor referred to the SHELLO Liveware-Hardware interaction, followed by factors concerning Liveware-Software (16 papers), Liveware-Liveware (11 papers), Liveware intrinsic factor (10 papers), Liveware-Organization (8 papers), and Liveware-Environment (8 papers). This work highlighted that methodological research is still primarily focused on traditional risk assessment and physical safety. However, several research directions concerning the design of cobots as active collaborators were identified, promoting workers' mental health and well-being, too. The SHELLO model proved to effectively highlight human factors relevant for the design of cobots and can provide a systemic approach to investigate human factors in other complex sociotechnical systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the model is applied in the field of human–cobot interaction.

中文翻译：

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协作机器人工人的身心健康：使用软件-硬件-环境-人机-人机-组织模型的范围审查

目前的范围审查调查了有关影响制造业中使用协作机器人（cobots）的工人的身心健康和福祉的因素的最新技术水平。使用 SHELLO（软件-硬件-环境-人机-人机-组织）概念模型对每个确定的因素进行分类。概述了这种方法的优点和局限性。共有 53 篇论文被纳入范围审查，并按照 PRISMA 指南进行了分析。在 35 篇论文中，至少一个风险因素涉及 SHELLO 人机与硬件的交互，其次是人机-软件（16 篇）、人机-人机（11 篇）、人机内在因素（10 篇）、人机组织（8论文）和 Liveware Environment（8 篇论文）。这项工作强调了方法学研究仍然主要集中在传统的风险评估和人身安全上。然而，确定了一些关于将协作机器人设计为积极合作者的研究方向，这也促进了工人的心理健康和福祉。事实证明，SHELLO 模型有效地突出了与协作机器人设计相关的人为因素，并可以提供一种系统的方法来研究其他复杂社会技术系统中的人为因素。据我们所知，这是该模型首次应用于人机交互领域。事实证明，SHELLO 模型有效地突出了与协作机器人设计相关的人为因素，并可以提供一种系统的方法来研究其他复杂社会技术系统中的人为因素。据我们所知，这是该模型首次应用于人机交互领域。事实证明，SHELLO 模型有效地突出了与协作机器人设计相关的人为因素，并可以提供一种系统的方法来研究其他复杂社会技术系统中的人为因素。据我们所知，这是该模型首次应用于人机交互领域。