Spectrum monitoring could improve spectral management and efficiency by enabling spectrum sharing, strengthening policy enforcement, and facilitating data-driven modeling of RF environments. This paper considers spectrum monitoring sensor networks in three dimensions to extend previous work on two-dimensional models. We derive a closed-form expression for the probability of emitter detection, which acts as a metric for system design. We find optimal antenna half-power beamwidths for emitter detection. Additionally, we find that for a path loss exponent less than approximately 3.22, directional antennas are optimal. Otherwise, omnidirectional antennas are optimal. Further, despite potential sub-optimality, omnidirectional antennas are found to be robust in changing environments. Finally, a survey of antenna gain models is evaluated against real antennas to validate the choice of gain model in the paper.

中文翻译：

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用于广谱监测的三维射频传感器网络


频谱监控可以通过实现频谱共享、加强政策执行和促进射频环境的数据驱动建模来改善频谱管理和效率。本文考虑了三维频谱监测传感器网络，以扩展先前在二维模型上的工作。我们推导出发射器检测概率的封闭式表达式，作为系统设计的度量。我们找到了用于发射器检测的最佳天线半功率波束宽度。此外，我们发现，对于路径损耗指数小于约 3.22 的情况，定向天线是最佳选择。否则，全向天线是最佳选择。此外，尽管存在潜在的次优性，全向天线在不断变化的环境中仍然具有鲁棒性。最后，针对真实天线对天线增益模型进行了评估，以验证本文中增益模型的选择。