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Making Decentralisation Work: A Comparative Ethnographic Analysis of Forest Conservation and Village Governance in West Bengal, India
Conservation and Society ( IF 2.492 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.4103/cs.cs_20_81
Sumana Datta

The literature on forest conservation lacks comparative analyses of decentralisation across different sectors to understand their relative advantages and limitations. This article adopts an ethnographic approach to compare the functioning of two decentralised village-level institutions in the state of West Bengal, India: the forest protection committees created under joint forest management and the gram panchayat, the lowest tier of the panchayati raj institution. The comparative analysis shows that despite their decentralised structure, the village forest protection committees have very little discretionary power relative to the powers exercised by gram panchayats. Gram panchayats have been effective in developing an inclusive and transparent decentralised governance system which retains the support of diverse interest groups within communities and other layers of the state. The study shows that style of decentralisation under joint forest management in West Bengal has been alienating forest-based communities from conservation because their voices remain symbolic in local, state, and national-level policy decisions. The study provides new theoretical and methodological insights for analysing decentralisation by underscoring the importance of criteria such as discretionary power for local decision-making and accountability; local bureaucratic and infrastructure support; and designated physical space in the everyday working of decentralised governance at the village level.

中文翻译:

让权力下放发挥作用:印度西孟加拉邦森林保护和村庄治理的比较民族志分析

关于森林保护的文献缺乏对不同部门权力下放的比较分析,以了解其相对优势和局限性。本文采用民族志方法来比较印度西孟加拉邦两个分散的村级机构的运作:在联合森林管理下创建的森林保护委员会和 gram panchayat,即 panchayati raj 机构的最低层。比较分析表明,尽管村级森林保护委员会具有分权结构,但相对于村委会行使的权力而言,它们的自由裁量权非常小。Gram panchayat 有效地开发了一个包容和透明的去中心化治理体系,该体系保留了社区和国家其他层面内不同利益集团的支持。研究表明,西孟加拉邦联合森林管理下的权力下放风格一直在疏远以森林为基础的社区,因为他们的声音在地方、州和国家层面的政策决策中仍然具有象征意义。该研究通过强调地方决策和问责制自由裁量权等标准的重要性,为分析权力下放提供了新的理论和方法论见解;地方官僚机构和基础设施支持;并在村级分散治理的日常工作中指定物理空间。研究表明,西孟加拉邦联合森林管理下的权力下放风格一直在疏远以森林为基础的社区,因为他们的声音在地方、州和国家层面的政策决策中仍然具有象征意义。该研究通过强调地方决策和问责制自由裁量权等标准的重要性,为分析权力下放提供了新的理论和方法论见解;地方官僚机构和基础设施支持;并在村级分散治理的日常工作中指定物理空间。研究表明,西孟加拉邦联合森林管理下的权力下放风格一直在疏远以森林为基础的社区,因为他们的声音在地方、州和国家层面的政策决策中仍然具有象征意义。该研究通过强调地方决策和问责制自由裁量权等标准的重要性,为分析权力下放提供了新的理论和方法论见解;地方官僚机构和基础设施支持;并在村级分散治理的日常工作中指定物理空间。该研究通过强调地方决策和问责制自由裁量权等标准的重要性,为分析权力下放提供了新的理论和方法论见解;地方官僚机构和基础设施支持;并在村级分散治理的日常工作中指定物理空间。该研究通过强调地方决策和问责制自由裁量权等标准的重要性,为分析权力下放提供了新的理论和方法论见解;地方官僚机构和基础设施支持;并在村级分散治理的日常工作中指定物理空间。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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