Environmental conservation is presented as a success story in Namibia's Zambezi Region where conservation measures have led to an enormous increase in many wildlife populations. Complementary to historically exclusive fortress-conservation strategies, inclusive projects have gained prominence in the past few decades aiming to integrate local populations into conservation projects. Perhaps the most salient approach is community-based natural resource management (CBNRM), which sets ambitious goals of more participation, empowerment, and stewardship of local residents in the process of conservation. Despite its popularity in southern Africa, the CBNRM concept has met with criticism, especially with regard to the situations of many conservancy members. We aim to show that the idea of conservation, and the concept of CBNRM in particular, are in some respects detached from the lives of the conservancy members who are confronted with the effects and regulations of conservation measures. We therefore employ the notion of 'dissonance’ to describe the inconsistencies between the intended effects of the CBNRM concept and how it is perceived by conservancy members. Three aspects of dissonance are identified here. First, we draw attention to the limited opportunities conservancy members have to benefit from the thriving safari- and hunting-tourism industry. Second, despite successful conservation leading to increased wildlife populations, impacts of human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) and their repercussions for farming and livestock husbandry aggravate the dissonant relationship between conservancy members and the CBNRM concept. Third, we illustrate the discrepancies between the notion of the 'community’ in conservancies and the actual social organisation. Altogether, the inconsistencies between the travelling idea of conservation and its impact on local livelihoods will be demonstrated.

中文翻译：

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不和谐的力量：纳米比亚赞比西地区社区保护中的旅行理念与当地现实之间的不一致关系

在纳米比亚赞比西地区，环境保护是一个成功的故事，该地区的保护措​​施导致许多野生动物种群数量大幅增加。作为历史上排他的堡垒保护战略的补充，包容性项目在过去几十年中获得了突出地位，旨在将当地人口纳入保护项目。也许最突出的方法是基于社区的自然资源管理 (CBNRM)，它设定了在保护过程中更多地参与、授权和管理当地居民的雄心勃勃的目标。尽管在南部非洲很受欢迎，但 CBNRM 的概念遭到了批评，尤其是在许多保护成员的情况下。我们的目标是展示保护的理念，尤其是 CBNRM 的概念，在某些方面与面临保护措施的影响和规定的保护成员的生活脱节。因此，我们使用“不和谐”的概念来描述 CBNRM 概念的预期效果与保护成员如何看待它之间的不一致。这里确定了不和谐的三个方面。首先，我们提请注意保护成员从蓬勃发展的狩猎和狩猎旅游业中受益的机会有限。其次，尽管成功的保护导致野生动物数量增加，但人类与野生动物冲突（HWC）的影响及其对农牧业的影响加剧了保护成员与 CBNRM 概念之间的不和谐关系。第三，我们说明了保护区中的“社区”概念与实际社会组织之间的差异。总而言之，将展示保护旅行的理念与其对当地生计的影响之间的矛盾。