The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global recession and mass unemployment. Through reductions in trade and international tourism, the pandemic has particularly affected rural economies of tropical low- and middle-income countries where biodiversity is concentrated. As this adversity is exacerbating poverty in these regions, it is important to examine the relationship between poverty and wildlife crime in order to better anticipate and respond to the impact of the pandemic on biodiversity. To that end, we explore the relationship between poverty and wildlife crime, and its relevance in the context of a global pandemic. We examine literature from conservation, criminology, criminal justice, and social psychology to piece together how the various dimensions of poverty relate directly and indirectly to general criminal offending and the challenges this poses to conservation. We provide a theoretical framework and a road map for understanding how poverty alleviation relates to reduced wildlife crime through improved economic, human, socio-cultural, political, and protective capabilities. We also discuss the implications of this research for policy in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conclude that multidimensional poverty and wildlife crime are intricately linked, and that initiatives to enhance each of the five dimensions can reduce the poverty-related risks of wildlife crime.

中文翻译：

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贫困、流行病和野生动物犯罪

COVID-19 大流行已导致全球经济衰退和大规模失业。通过减少贸易和国际旅游业，这一流行病尤其影响了生物多样性集中的热带低收入和中等收入国家的农村经济。由于这种逆境正在加剧这些地区的贫困，因此有必要研究贫困与野生动物犯罪之间的关系，以便更好地预测和应对大流行对生物多样性的影响。为此，我们探讨了贫困与野生动物犯罪之间的关系，及其在全球大流行背景下的相关性。我们研究保护、犯罪学、刑事司法、和社会心理学，将贫困的各个方面与一般刑事犯罪直接和间接联系起来，以及这对保护带来的挑战。我们提供了一个理论框架和路线图，用于通过提高经济、人力、社会文化、政治和保护能力来理解扶贫与减少野生动物犯罪之间的关系。我们还讨论了这项研究对 COVID-19 大流行后政策的影响。我们得出的结论是，多维贫困和野生动物犯罪有着错综复杂的联系，加强这五个维度中每一个维度的举措可以降低与贫困相关的野生动物犯罪风险。我们提供了一个理论框架和路线图，用于通过提高经济、人力、社会文化、政治和保护能力来理解扶贫与减少野生动物犯罪之间的关系。我们还讨论了这项研究对 COVID-19 大流行后政策的影响。我们得出的结论是，多维贫困和野生动物犯罪有着错综复杂的联系，加强这五个维度中每一个维度的举措可以降低与贫困相关的野生动物犯罪风险。我们提供了一个理论框架和路线图，用于通过提高经济、人力、社会文化、政治和保护能力来理解扶贫与减少野生动物犯罪之间的关系。我们还讨论了这项研究对 COVID-19 大流行后政策的影响。我们得出的结论是，多维贫困和野生动物犯罪有着错综复杂的联系，加强这五个维度中每一个维度的举措可以降低与贫困相关的野生动物犯罪风险。