In Colombia in 2016, extraordinary upper mountain ecosystems known as páramos were legally delimited by the central state as strict conservation areas, based exclusively on maps produced with biophysical information. Inside their boundaries, most human activities were forbidden, although most páramos have been inhabited and used for centuries. I interrogate the making of these exclusionary state páramos using the analytic of assemblage. This framework allows me to go beyond the understanding of fields of state control as merely the product of a process of top-down authoritarian territorialisation, and make the practices of heterogeneous subjects around the production of delimited páramos visible. It also helps me investigate what happened to these subjects in the process, and contribute to a critical understanding of their roles in the establishment of conservation areas. I argue that this process had three interrelated outcomes: the state was pushed away from a liberal government of upper mountains, and towards a centralised, authoritarian scheme; scientific practices resisted state power around conservation; and some social organisations became instrumental to a simplifying grand scheme. I propose that the threat of mining extractivism in the 2010s influenced the practices of these three subjects, and catalysed the assemblage of coercively delimited páramos and their exclusion from the productive grid.

中文翻译：

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组装生态系统：哥伦比亚国家帕拉莫斯的形成

2016 年在哥伦比亚，被称为帕拉莫斯的非凡高山生态系统被中央政府依法划定为严格的保护区，完全基于生物物理信息制作的地图。在他们的边界内，大多数人类活动都是被禁止的，尽管大多数 páramos 已经有人居住和使用了几个世纪。我使用组合分析来询问这些排他性状态参数的形成。这个框架让我超越了将国家控制领域理解为自上而下的威权领土化过程的产物，并使围绕生产划定的帕拉莫斯的异质主体的实践变得可见。它还帮助我调查这些主题在此过程中发生了什么，并有助于批判性地理解他们在保护区建立中的作用。我认为这个过程产生了三个相互关联的结果：国家从高山的自由政府推向集权的威权体制；科学实践抵制了围绕保护的国家权力；一些社会组织成为简化宏伟计划的工具。我认为 2010 年代采矿采掘主义的威胁影响了这三个主题的实践，并促进了强制划分的 paramos 的组合以及它们被排除在生产网格之外。科学实践抵制了围绕保护的国家权力；一些社会组织成为简化宏伟计划的工具。我认为 2010 年代采矿采掘主义的威胁影响了这三个主题的实践，并促进了强制划分的 paramos 的组合以及它们被排除在生产网格之外。科学实践抵制了围绕保护的国家权力；一些社会组织成为简化宏伟计划的工具。我认为 2010 年代采矿采掘主义的威胁影响了这三个主题的实践，并促进了强制划分的 paramos 的组合以及它们被排除在生产网格之外。