A switching mode power supply (SMPS)-based lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery test system (BTS) is proposed to meet the increasing demands of tests in battery research. To improve the flexibility, while building the BTS with low cost and high reliability, an SMPS is employed as a charger/discharger, combined with a digital-to-analog hybrid control system to regulate its output voltage and current. Based on the BTS, two dc internal resistance (DCIR) measurement methods are designed, and a battery state classification method based on the DCIR cluster analysis with similarity as the judgment basis is proposed. An experimental prototype is developed to verify the feasibility of the proposed BTS and methods. The results show that the BTS possesses excellent voltage and current regulation capabilities for charging, discharging, and grid energy recovery. The internal parameter extraction method enables obtaining DCIR and other parameters with high accuracy. The online measurement method allows automatic acquisition of real-time DCIR and its variation trend without affecting the charging, which greatly improves the measurement efficiency. The proposed hierarchical clustering method based on DCIR effectively achieves the classification of battery states with excellent practicality and robustness.

中文翻译：

---

基于 SMPS 的锂离子电池内阻测试系统


为了满足电池研究中日益增长的测试需求，提出了一种基于开关模式电源（SMPS）的锂离子（Li-ion）电池测试系统（BTS）。为了提高灵活性，在构建低成本、高可靠性的基站的同时，采用SMPS作为充放电器，结合数模混合控制系统来调节其输出电压和电流。基于BTS，设计了两种直流内阻(DCIR)测量方法，并提出了一种基于DCIR聚类分析、以相似度为判断依据的电池状态分类方法。开发了一个实验原型来验证所提出的 BTS 和方法的可行性。结果表明，BTS具有优异的充电、放电和电网能量回收的电压和电流调节能力。内参提取方法能够高精度地获取DCIR等参数。在线测量方式可以在不影响充电的情况下自动采集实时DCIR及其变化趋势，大大提高了测量效率。所提出的基于DCIR的层次聚类方法有效地实现了电池状态的分类，具有良好的实用性和鲁棒性。