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Situational and Ecological Predictors of Conducted Energy Weapon Application Severity
Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice ( IF 1.657 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 , DOI: 10.3138/cjccj.2021-0019
Victoria A. Sytsma 1 , Erick Laming 2 , Ethan Pohl 1
Affiliation  

Despite being touted as a “less lethal” use-of-force option, conducted energy weapons (CEWs) do pose some risk of injury to civilians, and thus warrant empirical examination. CEWs provide users with multiple use modes constituting various levels of severity; yet apart from the work of Somers and colleagues, almost no research exists investigating these levels of severity. Further, research findings on the impact of suspect resistance on CEW deployment are somewhat mixed. We contribute an innovative application of environmental criminology in a Canadian setting by exploring situational and ecological predictors of CEW application severity, with special attention being paid to reasons cited for CEW use and the impact of subject resistance level. Using all 393 Ontario Provincial Police CEW-related use-of-force reports over a two-year period, we find probe deployment to be the most common level of CEW application severity, irrespective of subject resistance level, and even when officers and subjects are in close proximity to one another. Application of CEW for the purpose of effecting an arrest is consistently the strongest predictor of CEW application severity without any mediating effect of subject resistance level or presence of a weapon. The impact of applying CEWs for the purpose of effecting arrests on CEW application severity is partially mediated by lighting visibility. Results are discussed.

中文翻译:

传导能量武器应用严重性的情景和生态预测因子

尽管被吹捧为“不那么致命”的武力使用选项,但传导能量武器 (CEW) 确实会对平民造成一定的伤害风险,因此值得进行实证检验。CEW为用户提供多种使用模式,构成不同的严重程度;然而,除了 Somers 及其同事的工作之外,几乎没有研究调查这些严重程度。此外,关于可疑阻力对 CEW 部署的影响的研究结果有些混杂。我们通过探索 CEW 应用严重程度的情境和生态预测因子,为加拿大环境中的环境犯罪学的创新应用做出贡献,特别关注 CEW 使用的原因和受试者抵抗水平的影响。在两年内使用所有 393 份安大略省警察与 CEW 相关的武力使用报告,我们发现探测部署是 CEW 应用程序严重性的最常见级别,无论对象的抵抗级别如何,甚至当军官和对象彼此靠近时也是如此。以实施逮捕为目的的 CEW 应用始终是 CEW 应用严重性的最强预测因素,而不受对象抵抗水平或武器存在的任何中介影响。应用 CEW 以实现逮捕对 CEW 应用严重性的影响部分是由照明能见度调节的。结果进行了讨论。以实施逮捕为目的的 CEW 应用始终是 CEW 应用严重性的最强预测因素,而不受对象抵抗水平或武器存在的任何中介影响。应用 CEW 以实现逮捕对 CEW 应用严重性的影响部分是由照明能见度调节的。结果进行了讨论。以实施逮捕为目的的 CEW 应用始终是 CEW 应用严重性的最强预测因素,而不受对象抵抗水平或武器存在的任何中介影响。应用 CEW 以实现逮捕对 CEW 应用严重性的影响部分是由照明能见度调节的。结果进行了讨论。
更新日期:2022-01-01
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