Three-dimensional mapping is an increasingly important feature for recent photogrammetry and remote sensing (RS) systems. Currently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become one of the extensively used RS platforms due to their high timeliness and flexibility on data acquisition as well as their high spatial resolution of recorded images. UAV-based 3D mapping has overwhelming advantages over traditional data sources from satellite and aerial platforms. Generally, the workflow of UAV-based 3D mapping consists of four major steps, including 1) data acquisition by using an optimal trajectory configuration, 2) image matching to obtain reliable correspondences, 3) aerial triangulation (AT) to resume accurate camera poses, and 4) dense image matching to generate point clouds with high density. The performance of the algorithms used in each step determines the reliability and precision of the final 3D mapping products.

中文翻译：

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基于无人机的摄影测量 3D 测绘：技术、应用和挑战的调查


三维测绘对于最近的摄影测量和遥感（RS）系统来说是一个越来越重要的功能。目前，无人机（UAV）因其数据采集的高及时性和灵活性以及记录图像的高空间分辨率而成为广泛使用的遥感平台之一。与来自卫星和空中平台的传统数据源相比，基于无人机的 3D 测绘具有压倒性优势。一般来说，基于无人机的3D测绘工作流程由四个主要步骤组成，包括1）使用最佳轨迹配置获取数据，2）图像匹配以获得可靠的对应关系，3）空中三角测量（AT）以恢复准确的相机位姿， 4）密集图像匹配以生成高密度点云。每个步骤中使用的算法的性能决定了最终 3D 测绘产品的可靠性和精度。