Abstract. It is an important goal for many people to achieve happiness or well-being. Research has shown the effects of various stand-alone strategies to increase well-being. However, it is unclear whether multiple strategies can enhance happiness. Art-of-living is defined as a combination of the most important strategies that lead to well-being. Based on philosophical theory and empirical studies, 11 strategy components have been identified. A basic questionnaire, the Art-of-Living Inventory (AOLI), which aims to measure these strategies, was validated in a German-speaking sample ( n = 1,302) and an English-speaking sample ( n = 2,166). Results confirmed the hypothesized factor structure which comprised 11 dimensions and at least weak measurement invariance. Further analyses demonstrated good internal consistency, retest reliability and convergent, and discriminant validity with respect to different indicators of well-being and the validation measures. Multiple regressions indicated that a combination of multiple components was significantly better at predicting well-being than even the best single component. Moreover, when compared to personality, art-of-living was demonstrated to have additional and distinct effects on well-being. In sum, the AOLI has promising measurement characteristics and may be applied in research studies to better understand well-being and in intervention studies aimed at enhancing well-being.

中文翻译：

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修订的生活艺术清单的德语和英语版本的验证

摘要。获得幸福或幸福是许多人的重要目标。研究表明，各种独立策略可以提高幸福感。然而，尚不清楚多种策略是否可以提高幸福感。生活艺术被定义为导致幸福的最重要策略的组合。基于哲学理论和实证研究，已经确定了 11 个战略组成部分。旨在衡量这些策略的基本问卷调查，即生活艺术清单 (AOLI)，在德语样本 (n = 1,302) 和英语样本 (n = 2,166) 中得到验证。结果证实了假设的因子结构，包括11个维度和至少弱测量不变性。进一步的分析表明良好的内部一致性，重新测试关于不同幸福指标和验证措施的信度和收敛效度和区分效度。多元回归表明，多个成分的组合在预测幸福感方面甚至比最好的单一成分要好得多。此外，与人格相比，生活艺术被证明对幸福有额外的和独特的影响。总之，AOLI 具有良好的测量特性，可用于研究以更好地了解幸福感和旨在提高幸福感的干预研究。多元回归表明，多个成分的组合在预测幸福感方面甚至比最好的单一成分要好得多。此外，与人格相比，生活艺术被证明对幸福有额外的和独特的影响。总之，AOLI 具有良好的测量特性，可用于研究以更好地了解幸福感和旨在提高幸福感的干预研究。多元回归表明，多个成分的组合在预测幸福感方面甚至比最好的单一成分要好得多。此外，与人格相比，生活艺术被证明对幸福有额外的和独特的影响。总之，AOLI 具有良好的测量特性，可用于研究以更好地了解幸福感和旨在提高幸福感的干预研究。