Digital connectivity has become the foundation of prosperity and an essential need for functioning societies. Despite this dependence, limitation on Internet access remains a prevalent issue, largely hinging on socioeconomic and geographic factors. A promising solution to attain global access equality is based on integrated terrestrial-satellite networks that rely on low Earth orbit (LEO) mega constellations. While the benefits of LEO constellations complement the shortcomings of terrestrial networks, their incorporation impacts the network design, adding complexity and challenges. This article presents a systematic analysis of next generation LEO mega satellite constellations, outlining opportunities by virtue of the many benefits these constellations can provide and highlighting the major challenges. Furthermore, it provides a synopsis of analytic models and underscores modern simulation approaches for next generation mega satellite constellations. This article provides network designers with the necessary insights into satellite network performance.

中文翻译：

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共形 IRS 授权 MIMO-OFDM：信道估计和环境映射


数字连接已成为繁荣的基础和社会正常运转的基本需求。尽管存在这种依赖性，但互联网接入的限制仍然是一个普遍问题，很大程度上取决于社会经济和地理因素。实现全球接入平等的一个有希望的解决方案是基于依赖低地球轨道（LEO）巨型星座的综合地面卫星网络。虽然低地球轨道星座的优点弥补了地面网络的缺点，但它们的结合会影响网络设计，增加复杂性和挑战。本文对下一代低地球轨道巨型卫星星座进行了系统分析，概述了这些星座可以提供的众多优势所带来的机遇，并强调了主要挑战。此外，它还提供了分析模型的概要，并强调了下一代巨型卫星星座的现代仿真方法。本文为网络设计人员提供了有关卫星网络性能的必要见解。