Dependency grammar captures the hierarchical aspects of syntactic organization. According to dependency grammar, a sentence is regarded as a tree that originates from the root verb and develops into a hierarchical structure. Each node of the tree represents a word, and a node is dependent on its parent node (i.e. the governor). In recent years, both qualitative and quantitative studies on dependency structures are thriving. Efforts have been made to explore the rules and mechanisms of dependency relations, dependency distance, and dependency directions (see Liu, Xu & Liang 2017 for a comprehensive review). With a collection of 16 recent studies centred around dependency structures, the book under review sheds light upon new directions in this line of research. The book begins with a review article by Richard Hudson. After reviewing the history of dependency research, Hudson concludes that, compared with phrase structure, dependency structure is a better syntax-representing tool for corpus linguistics and cognitive sciences. Nonetheless, he argues that there are still challenges to be addressed, such as how to determine ‘which features are comparable across which languages’ (28). As the volume’s opening chapter, it not only lays theoretical foundations for the studies within the book but also informs readers on how dependency structures relate to corpus linguistics and cognitive sciences, thus providing practical guidance to those interested in conducting dependencybased empirical studies. The 15 studies in the rest of the book can be grouped into four thematic sections. The first section is composed of six studies that deal with Dependency Distance (DD) (by Hongxin Zhan & Haitao Liu, Jingyang Jiang & Jinghui Ouyang, Jingqi Yan, HuaWang, Jinlu Liu & Gaiying Chai and Chunshan Xu). DD is measured by the linear position difference between two syntactically related words, i.e. the governor and the dependent (Liu et al. 2017). DD is considered an important index of syntactic difficulty and cognitive burden. Recently, a series of studies have found a tendency of Dependency Distance Minimization (DDM) across different

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江景阳和刘海涛（编辑），依赖结构的定量分析（定量语言学 72）。柏林：De Gruyter Mouton，2018 年。Pp。十二 + 368。

依存文法捕捉句法组织的层次方面。根据依存语法，句子被视为一棵树，起源于词根动词并发展成层次结构。树的每个节点代表一个词，一个节点依赖于它的父节点（即调控器）。近年来，关于依赖结构的定性和定量研究都在蓬勃发展。已经努力探索依赖关系、依赖距离和依赖方向的规则和机制（综合综述参见 Liu, Xu & Liang 2017）。本书收集了 16 项以依赖结构为中心的最新研究，为这一研究领域的新方向提供了启示。这本书以理查德哈德森的一篇评论文章开头。在回顾依存研究的历史后，Hudson 得出结论，与短语结构相比，依存结构是语料库语言学和认知科学更好的句法表征工具。尽管如此，他认为仍有挑战需要解决，例如如何确定“哪些特征在哪些语言之间具有可比性”（28）。作为本书的开篇，它不仅为书中的研究奠定了理论基础，而且还让读者了解依赖结构与语料库语言学和认知科学的关系，从而为有兴趣进行基于依赖的实证研究的人提供实践指导。本书其余部分的 15 项研究可分为四个主题部分。第一部分由涉及依赖距离 (DD) 的六项研究组成（由 Hongxin Zhan & Haitao Liu、Jingyang Jiang & Jinghui Oyang、Jingqi Yan、HuaWang、Jinlu Liu & Gaiying Chai 和 Chunshan Xu 撰写）。DD 是通过两个句法相关词之间的线性位置差异来衡量的，即governance 和dependent (Liu et al. 2017)。DD被认为是句法难度和认知负担的重要指标。最近，一系列研究发现了依赖距离最小化 (DDM) 的趋势。DD被认为是句法难度和认知负担的重要指标。最近，一系列研究发现了依赖距离最小化 (DDM) 的趋势。DD被认为是句法难度和认知负担的重要指标。最近，一系列研究发现了依赖距离最小化 (DDM) 的趋势。