We propose a power-based unit commitment formulation with capacity and intra-hour ramp reserves for dealing with intra-hour wind power variability and uncertainty. Although the formulation has an hourly resolution, the intra-hour ramp requirements capture wind power ramp excursions with a time duration below one hour, and thus allows the formulation to consider intra-hourly wind variability and uncertainty. This increases the security of the formulation compared to using hourly ramp reserves and allows more efficient scheduling of units with high ramp rates. We test the formulation with different durations for the intra-hour reserves, and using both hourly and intra-hourly ramp reserves, to find the best reserve formulation. The formulations are evaluated using a 5-min economic dispatch, which simulates the real-time operation of the system, for hundreds of out-of-sample realizations of wind power production. The proposed formulations are then compared to two hourly stochastic formulations and a stochastic formulation with 5-min time resolution. The proposed formulations outperform the stochastic formulations in terms of security, showing that they provide a scheduling which is more robust against intra-hour wind power variations. The proposed formulations also outperform the hourly stochastic formulations in terms of total costs, giving a better trade-off between scheduling costs and security.

中文翻译：

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风电并网容量和小时内斜坡储备


我们提出了一种基于电力的单位承诺公式，其中包含容量和小时内斜坡储备，用于处理小时内风力发电的变化和不确定性。尽管该公式具有每小时分辨率，但小时内斜坡要求捕获持续时间低于一小时的风电斜坡偏移，因此允许公式考虑每小时内风的变化和不确定性。与使用每小时的斜坡储备相比，这提高了配方的安全性，并允许更有效地调度具有高斜坡率的装置。我们测试了具有不同持续时间的配方的小时内储备，并使用每小时和每小时斜坡储备，以找到最佳储备配方。使用 5 分钟的经济调度对公式进行评估，该调度模拟系统的实时运行，针对数百个样本外的风电生产实现。然后将所提出的公式与两个小时随机公式和具有 5 分钟时间分辨率的随机公式进行比较。所提出的公式在安全性方面优于随机公式，表明它们提供了针对小时内风电变化更稳健的调度。所提出的公式在总成本方面也优于每小时随机公式，在调度成本和安全性之间提供了更好的权衡。