The changing energy landscape due to the large scale integration of renewable energy and shutting down of conventional thermal plants has opened up the potential of alternate sources in the blackstart services market. Grid forming wind turbines can do controlled islanded operation independent of an external grid voltage and thus participate in network restoration from the start. However, it is necessary to study the capability of wind turbines to deal with the demanding energization transients in a controlled and stable manner. This work investigates the feasibility of using virtual resistance in the wind turbine converter control to reduce transients during self-transformer inrush and sympathetic interaction from downstream string transformers. This can eliminate the need for pre-insertion resistors during sequential energization. The sensitivity of the AC current and voltage output along with DC link transient to the virtual resistance parameters has also been analyzed using PSCAD simulations. Finally the effectiveness of the proposed method for offshore network energization by a grid forming wind power plant has been tested by comparing to results for a pre-insertion resistor.

中文翻译：

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海上风电场顺序绿色启动的虚拟电阻控制

由于可再生能源的大规模整合和传统热电厂的关闭，能源格局发生了变化，这为黑启动服务市场开辟了替代能源的潜力。并网风力涡轮机可以独立于外部电网电压进行受控孤岛运行，从而从一开始就参与网络恢复。然而，有必要研究风力涡轮机以受控和稳定的方式处理苛刻的通电瞬变的能力。这项工作调查了在风力涡轮机变流器控制中使用虚拟电阻以减少自变压器涌流期间的瞬变和下游串式变压器的交感相互作用的可行性。这可以消除在顺序通电期间对预插入电阻器的需要。还使用 PSCAD 仿真分析了交流电流和电压输出以及直流链路瞬态对虚拟电阻参数的敏感性。最后，通过与预插入电阻器的结果进行比较，测试了所提出的通过形成电网的风力发电厂为海上电网供电的方法的有效性。