Abstract. In the 1980s, psychologists extended attachment theory into the domain of adult romantic bonds by proposing that romantic love can be conceptualized as a process of becoming attached ( Hazan & Shaver, 1987 ). From this perspective, individuals differ in two primary attachment dimensions: anxiety, the extent to which they worry about abandonment in their romantic relationships, and avoidance, the extent to which they are uncomfortable with interdependence and closeness. Research suggests that people perceive the rearing environment as a primary cause of people’s romantic attachment styles ( Tillman et al., 2008 ). If it is, family members should be similar in attachment-related anxiety and avoidance. To test this idea, we collected romantic attachment data on 965 US college students and the family members they nominated (205 siblings, 245 mothers, and 182 fathers). The students and family members in our sample showed negligible-to-weak resemblance in attachment-related anxiety and avoidance. Because previous studies have shown substantial similarity between identical twins and weak similarity between fraternal twins in romantic attachment styles, our data reinforce the possibility that nonshared environmental influences (such as individuals’ specific relationship histories) and genetic influences are the primary sources of individual differences in attachment-related anxiety and avoidance.

中文翻译：

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浪漫依恋的个体差异

摘要。1980 年代，心理学家将依恋理论扩展到成人浪漫纽带的领域，提出浪漫爱情可以被概念化为依恋的过程（Hazan & Shaver，1987）。从这个角度来看，个体在两个主要依恋维度上存在差异：焦虑，他们担心在浪漫关系中被抛弃的程度，以及回避，他们对相互依赖和亲密关系感到不舒服的程度。研究表明，人们认为养育环境是人们浪漫依恋风格的主要原因（Tillman et al., 2008）。如果是，家庭成员在依恋相关的焦虑和回避方面应该相似。为了验证这个想法，我们收集了 965 名美国大学生及其提名的家庭成员（205 个兄弟姐妹，245 位母亲和 182 位父亲）。我们样本中的学生和家庭成员在依恋相关的焦虑和回避方面表现出可忽略不计的相似性。由于先前的研究表明，同卵双胞胎之间存在实质性相似性，而异卵双胞胎在浪漫依恋风格中的相似性较弱，因此我们的数据强化了非共同环境影响（例如个体的特定关系历史）和遗传影响是个体差异的主要来源的可能性。依恋相关的焦虑和回避。