Abstract. Absorption and mindfulness are personality traits associated with experiencing states of highly-focused attention. Despite this apparent commonality, these two traits have rarely been directly compared, and little is known about what differentiates absorbed from mindful states. The present study explored how individual differences in the cognitive processes of attentional control and self-related processing relate to absorption and mindfulness. Participants completed four self-report measures assessing absorption, mindfulness, style of attentional control over internal/external stimuli, and self-related processing. Absorption and mindfulness were negatively correlated in our sample. Absorption was predicted by a propensity for stimulus-driven attention to external stimuli and frequent engagement in self-reflection without gaining insight into those reflections. Mindfulness was predicted by a propensity for goal-driven attentional control over external stimuli and a tendency to engage in insightful self-reflective processing. Our findings can inform research efforts to further elucidate cognitive mechanisms underlying the relationships of absorption and mindfulness with mental health.

中文翻译：

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全神贯注和正念反映了注意力控制和自我相关处理的不同模式

摘要。专注力和正念是与高度集中注意力的体验状态相关的人格特征。尽管有这种明显的共性，但这两个特征很少被直接比较，而且对于什么区别吸收与正念状态知之甚少。本研究探讨了注意力控制和自我相关处理的认知过程中的个体差异如何与吸收和正念相关。参与者完成了四项自我报告测量，评估吸收、正念、对内部/外部刺激的注意力控制方式和自我相关处理。在我们的样本中，吸收和正念呈负相关。吸收是通过对外部刺激的刺激驱动注意力的倾向和经常参与自我反思而没有深入了解这些反思来预测的。正念是通过对外部刺激进行目标驱动的注意力控制倾向和进行有洞察力的自我反思处理的倾向来预测的。我们的研究结果可以为研究工作提供信息，以进一步阐明吸收和正念与心理健康关系的认知机制。