Abstract Communities have a vital role to play in managing the risks associated with natural disasters. As such, their strengths, weaknesses, and priority concerns must be factored into policy decisions to ensure local recovery efforts reflect community needs. Regular engagement with community members provides opportunities for emergency managers and first responders to tap into a reservoir of local knowledge to build a shared understanding of how to foster local preparedness and help communities reduce the impact of a disaster. Not all communities are alike; needs can differ for a variety of reasons and can help determine the best ways to galvanize an appropriate response. The methods of engagement should also be tailored to ensure communities are willing and able to participate in the types of interactions emergency managers wish to initiate. In this paper, we used a mixed method approach to examine several different community engagement and data collection strategies conducted, observed or examined by our research team during six months of post-Hurricane Maria recovery efforts in Puerto Rico from February to July 2018. The aim of this study is to assess whether different outreach approaches used illuminated different perceptions about disaster preparedness and recovery and to identify what works and what does not work when engaging communities in emergency preparedness and recovery activities.

中文翻译：

---

飓风玛丽亚波多黎各后社区参与和数据收集策略的最佳实践和经验教训

摘要 社区在管理与自然灾害相关的风险方面发挥着至关重要的作用。因此，他们的优势、劣势和优先考虑的问题必须纳入政策决策，以确保当地的恢复工作反映社区的需求。与社区成员的定期接触为应急管理人员和急救人员提供了利用当地知识库的机会，以建立对如何促进当地备灾和帮助社区减少灾害影响的共同理解。并非所有社区都是一样的；由于各种原因，需求可能会有所不同，并且可以帮助确定激发适当响应的最佳方法。还应调整参与方法，以确保社区愿意并能够参与应急管理人员希望发起的互动类型。在本文中，我们使用混合方法来检查我们的研究团队在 2018 年 2 月至 2018 年 7 月在波多黎各进行的六个月飓风玛丽亚恢复工作期间进行、观察或检查的几种不同的社区参与和数据收集策略。这项研究的目的是评估使用的不同外联方法是否阐明了对备灾和恢复的不同看法，并确定在让社区参与应急准备和恢复活动时哪些有效，哪些无效。